From: Subject: O'Reilly Network: What Is Web 2.0 Date: Sun, 27 Apr 2008 14:01:36 -0700 MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: multipart/related; type="text/html"; boundary="----=_NextPart_000_003D_01C8A86F.3554B840" X-MimeOLE: Produced By Microsoft MimeOLE V6.00.2900.3198 This is a multi-part message in MIME format. ------=_NextPart_000_003D_01C8A86F.3554B840 Content-Type: text/html; charset="iso-8859-1" Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable Content-Location: http://www.oreillynet.com/lpt/a/6228 O'Reilly Network: What Is Web 2.0    
 Published on O'Reilly (http://www.oreilly.com/)
 http://www.oreillynet.com/pub/a/oreilly/tim/news/2005/09/= 30/what-is-web-20.html
 See = this if=20 you're having trouble printing code examples

What Is Web 2.0
Design Patterns and = Business Models=20 for the Next Generation of Software

by Tim = O'Reilly
09/30/2005 Read=20 this article in:=20
  • C= hinese=20
  • French=20
  • German=20
  • Italian=20
  • Japanese=20
  • Korean= =20
  • Spanish=20

The bursting of the dot-com bubble in the fall of 2001 marked a = turning point=20 for the web. Many people concluded that the web was overhyped, when in = fact bubbles and consequent shakeouts = appear to=20 be a common feature of all technological revolutions. Shakeouts = typically=20 mark the point at which an ascendant technology is ready to take its = place at=20 center stage. The pretenders are given the bum's rush, the real success = stories=20 show their strength, and there begins to be an understanding of what = separates=20 one from the other.

The concept of "Web 2.0" began with a conference brainstorming = session=20 between O'Reilly and MediaLive International. Dale Dougherty, web = pioneer and=20 O'Reilly VP, noted that far from having "crashed", the web was more = important=20 than ever, with exciting new applications and sites popping up with = surprising=20 regularity. What's more, the companies that had survived the collapse = seemed to=20 have some things in common. Could it be that the dot-com collapse marked = some=20 kind of turning point for the web, such that a call to action such as = "Web 2.0"=20 might make sense? We agreed that it did, and so the Web 2.0 Conference was born.

In the year and a half since, the term "Web 2.0" has clearly taken = hold, with=20 more than 9.5 million citations in Google. But there's still a huge = amount of=20 disagreement about just what Web 2.0 means, with some people = decrying it as=20 a meaningless marketing buzzword, and others accepting it as the new=20 conventional wisdom.

This article is an attempt to clarify just what we mean by Web = 2.0.

In our initial brainstorming, we formulated our sense of Web 2.0 by=20 example:

Web 1.0   Web 2.0
DoubleClick --> Google AdSense
Ofoto --> Flickr
Akamai --> BitTorrent
mp3.com --> Napster
Britannica Online --> Wikipedia
personal websites --> blogging
evite --> upcoming.org and EVDB
domain name speculation --> search engine optimization
page views --> cost per click
screen scraping --> web services
publishing --> participation
content management systems --> wikis
directories (taxonomy) --> tagging ("folksonomy")
stickiness --> syndication

The list went on and on. But what was it that made us identify one=20 application or approach as "Web 1.0" and another as "Web 2.0"? (The = question is=20 particularly urgent because the Web 2.0 meme has become so widespread = that=20 companies are now pasting it on as a marketing buzzword, with no real=20 understanding of just what it means. The question is particularly = difficult=20 because many of those buzzword-addicted startups are definitely = not Web=20 2.0, while some of the applications we identified as Web 2.0, like = Napster and=20 BitTorrent, are not even properly web applications!) We began trying to = tease=20 out the principles that are demonstrated in one way or another by the = success=20 stories of web 1.0 and by the most interesting of the new = applications.

1. The Web As Platform

Like many important concepts, Web 2.0 doesn't have a hard boundary, = but=20 rather, a gravitational core. You can visualize Web = 2.0 as a=20 set of principles and practices that tie together a veritable solar = system of=20 sites that demonstrate some or all of those principles, at a varying = distance=20 from that core.

3DWeb2MemeMap=20

Figure 1 shows a "meme map" of Web 2.0 that was developed at a = brainstorming=20 session during FOO Camp, a conference at O'Reilly Media. It's very much = a work=20 in progress, but shows the many ideas that radiate out from the Web 2.0=20 core.

For example, at the first Web 2.0 conference, in October 2004, John = Battelle=20 and I listed a preliminary set of principles in our opening talk. The = first of=20 those principles was "The web as platform." Yet that was also a rallying = cry of=20 Web 1.0 darling Netscape, which went down in flames after a heated = battle with=20 Microsoft. What's more, two of our initial Web 1.0 exemplars, = DoubleClick and=20 Akamai, were both pioneers in treating the web as a platform. People = don't often=20 think of it as "web services", but in fact, ad serving was the first = widely=20 deployed web service, and the first widely deployed "mashup" (to use = another=20 term that has gained currency of late). Every banner ad is served as a = seamless=20 cooperation between two websites, delivering an integrated page to a = reader on=20 yet another computer. Akamai also treats the network as the platform, = and at a=20 deeper level of the stack, building a transparent caching and content = delivery=20 network that eases bandwidth congestion.

Nonetheless, these pioneers provided useful contrasts because later = entrants=20 have taken their solution to the same problem even further, = understanding=20 something deeper about the nature of the new platform. Both DoubleClick = and=20 Akamai were Web 2.0 pioneers, yet we can also see how it's possible to = realize=20 more of the possibilities by embracing additional Web= 2.0 design=20 patterns.

Let's drill down for a moment into each of these three cases, teasing = out=20 some of the essential elements of difference.

Netscape vs. Google

If Netscape was the standard bearer for Web 1.0, Google is most = certainly the=20 standard bearer for Web 2.0, if only because their respective IPOs were = defining=20 events for each era. So let's start with a comparison of these two = companies and=20 their positioning.

Netscape framed "the web as platform" in terms of the old software = paradigm:=20 their flagship product was the web browser, a desktop application, and = their=20 strategy was to use their dominance in the browser market to establish a = market=20 for high-priced server products. Control over standards for displaying = content=20 and applications in the browser would, in theory, give Netscape the kind = of=20 market power enjoyed by Microsoft in the PC market. Much like the = "horseless=20 carriage" framed the automobile as an extension of the familiar, = Netscape=20 promoted a "webtop" to replace the desktop, and planned to populate that = webtop=20 with information updates and applets pushed to the webtop by information = providers who would purchase Netscape servers.

In the end, both web browsers and web servers turned out to be = commodities,=20 and value moved "up the stack" to services delivered over the web = platform.

Google, by contrast, began its life as a native web application, = never sold=20 or packaged, but delivered as a service, with customers paying, directly = or=20 indirectly, for the use of that service. None of the trappings of the = old=20 software industry are present. No scheduled software releases, just = continuous=20 improvement. No licensing or sale, just usage. No porting to different = platforms=20 so that customers can run the software on their own equipment, just a = massively=20 scalable collection of commodity PCs running open source operating = systems plus=20 homegrown applications and utilities that no one outside the company = ever gets=20 to see.

At bottom, Google requires a competency that Netscape never needed: = database=20 management. Google isn't just a collection of software tools, it's a = specialized=20 database. Without the data, the tools are useless; without the software, = the=20 data is unmanageable. Software licensing and control over APIs--the = lever of=20 power in the previous era--is irrelevant because the software never need = be=20 distributed but only performed, and also because without the ability to = collect=20 and manage the data, the software is of little use. In fact, the = value of=20 the software is proportional to the scale and dynamism of the data it = helps to=20 manage.

Google's service is not a server--though it is delivered by a massive = collection of internet servers--nor a browser--though it is experienced = by the=20 user within the browser. Nor does its flagship search service even host = the=20 content that it enables users to find. Much like a phone call, which = happens not=20 just on the phones at either end of the call, but on the network in = between,=20 Google happens in the space between browser and search engine and = destination=20 content server, as an enabler or middleman between the user and his or = her=20 online experience.

While both Netscape and Google could be described as software = companies, it's=20 clear that Netscape belonged to the same software world as Lotus, = Microsoft,=20 Oracle, SAP, and other companies that got their start in the 1980's = software=20 revolution, while Google's fellows are other internet applications like = eBay,=20 Amazon, Napster, and yes, DoubleClick and Akamai.

<= /TD>

DoubleClick vs. Overture and AdSense

Like Google, DoubleClick is a true child of the internet era. It = harnesses=20 software as a service, has a core competency in data management, and, as = noted=20 above, was a pioneer in web services long before web services even had a = name.=20 However, DoubleClick was ultimately limited by its business model. It = bought=20 into the '90s notion that the web was about publishing, not = participation; that=20 advertisers, not consumers, ought to call the shots; that size mattered, = and=20 that the internet was increasingly being dominated by the top websites = as=20 measured by MediaMetrix and other web ad scoring companies.

As a result, DoubleClick proudly cites on its website "over 2000 = successful=20 implementations" of its software. Yahoo! Search Marketing (formerly = Overture)=20 and Google AdSense,=20 by contrast, already serve hundreds of thousands of advertisers = apiece.

Overture and Google's success came from an understanding of what = Chris=20 Anderson refers to as "the long tail," the collective power of the small = sites=20 that make up the bulk of the web's content. DoubleClick's offerings = require a=20 formal sales contract, limiting their market to the few thousand largest = websites. Overture and Google figured out how to enable ad placement on=20 virtually any web page. What's more, they eschewed publisher/ad-agency = friendly=20 advertising formats such as banner ads and popups in favor of minimally=20 intrusive, context-sensitive, consumer-friendly text advertising.

The Web 2.0 lesson: leverage customer-self service and = algorithmic data=20 management to reach out to the entire web, to the edges and not just the = center,=20 to the long tail and not just the head.

A Platform Beats an Application Every Time

In each of its past confrontations with rivals, Microsoft has=20 successfully played the platform card, trumping even the most = dominant=20 applications. Windows allowed Microsoft to displace Lotus 1-2-3 = with=20 Excel, WordPerfect with Word, and Netscape Navigator with Internet = Explorer.

This time, though, the clash isn't between a platform and an=20 application, but between two platforms, each with a radically = different=20 business model: On the one side, a single software provider, whose = massive=20 installed base and tightly integrated operating system and APIs = give=20 control over the programming paradigm; on the other, a system = without an=20 owner, tied together by a set of protocols, open standards and = agreements=20 for cooperation.

Windows represents the pinnacle of proprietary control via = software=20 APIs. Netscape tried to wrest control from Microsoft using the = same=20 techniques that Microsoft itself had used against other rivals, = and=20 failed. But Apache, which held to the open standards of the web, = has=20 prospered. The battle is no longer unequal, a platform versus a = single=20 application, but platform versus platform, with the question being = which=20 platform, and more profoundly, which architecture, and which = business=20 model, is better suited to the opportunity ahead.

Windows was a brilliant solution to the problems of the early = PC era.=20 It leveled the playing field for application developers, solving a = host of=20 problems that had previously bedeviled the industry. But a single=20 monolithic approach, controlled by a single vendor, is no longer a = solution, it's a problem. Communications-oriented systems, as the=20 internet-as-platform most certainly is, require interoperability. = Unless a=20 vendor can=20 control both ends of every interaction, the possibilities of = user=20 lock-in via software APIs are limited.

Any Web 2.0 vendor that seeks to lock in its application gains = by=20 controlling the platform will, by definition, no longer be playing = to the=20 strengths of the platform.

This is not to say that there are not opportunities for lock-in = and=20 competitive advantage, but we believe they are not to be found via = control=20 over software APIs and protocols. There is a new game afoot. The = companies=20 that succeed in the Web 2.0 era will be those that understand the = rules of=20 that game, rather than trying to go back to the rules of the PC = software=20 era.

Not surprisingly, other web 2.0 success stories demonstrate this same = behavior. eBay enables occasional transactions of only a few dollars = between=20 single individuals, acting as an automated intermediary. Napster (though = shut=20 down for legal reasons) built its network not by building a centralized = song=20 database, but by architecting a system in such a way that every = downloader also=20 became a server, and thus grew the network.

Akamai vs. BitTorrent

Like DoubleClick, Akamai is optimized to do business with the head, = not the=20 tail, with the center, not the edges. While it serves the benefit of the = individuals at the edge of the web by smoothing their access to the = high-demand=20 sites at the center, it collects its revenue from those central = sites.

BitTorrent, like other pioneers in the P2P movement, takes a radical = approach=20 to internet decentralization. Every client is also a server; files are = broken up=20 into fragments that can be served from multiple locations, transparently = harnessing the network of downloaders to provide both bandwidth and data = to=20 other users. The more popular the file, in fact, the faster it can be = served, as=20 there are more users providing bandwidth and fragments of the complete = file.

BitTorrent thus demonstrates a key Web 2.0 principle: the service = automatically gets better the more people use it. While Akamai must = add=20 servers to improve service, every BitTorrent consumer brings his own = resources=20 to the party. There's an implicit "architecture of participation", a = built-in=20 ethic of cooperation, in which the service acts primarily as an = intelligent=20 broker, connecting the edges to each other and harnessing the power of = the users=20 themselves.

2. Harnessing Collective Intelligence

The central principle behind the success of the giants born in the = Web 1.0=20 era who have survived to lead the Web 2.0 era appears to be this, that = they have=20 embraced the power of the web to harness collective intelligence:

  • Hyperlinking is the foundation of the web. As users add new = content, and=20 new sites, it is bound in to the structure of the web by other users=20 discovering the content and linking to it. Much as synapses form in = the brain,=20 with associations becoming stronger through repetition or intensity, = the web=20 of connections grows organically as an output of the collective = activity of=20 all web users.=20
  • Yahoo!, the first great internet success story, was born as a = catalog, or=20 directory of links, an aggregation of the best work of thousands, then = millions of web users. While Yahoo! has since moved into the business = of=20 creating many types of content, its role as a portal to the collective = work of=20 the net's users remains the core of its value.=20
  • Google's breakthrough in search, which quickly made it the = undisputed=20 search market leader, was PageRank, a method of using the link = structure of=20 the web rather than just the characteristics of documents to provide = better=20 search results.=20
  • eBay's product is the collective activity of all its users; like = the web=20 itself, eBay grows organically in response to user activity, and the = company's=20 role is as an enabler of a context in which that user activity can = happen.=20 What's more, eBay's competitive advantage comes almost entirely from = the=20 critical mass of buyers and sellers, which makes any new entrant = offering=20 similar services significantly less attractive.=20
  • Amazon sells the same products as competitors such as = Barnesandnoble.com,=20 and they receive the same product descriptions, cover images, and = editorial=20 content from their vendors. But Amazon has made a science of user = engagement.=20 They have an order of magnitude more user reviews, invitations to = participate=20 in varied ways on virtually every page--and even more importantly, = they use=20 user activity to produce better search results. While a = Barnesandnoble.com=20 search is likely to lead with the company's own products, or sponsored = results, Amazon always leads with "most popular", a real-time = computation=20 based not only on sales but other factors that Amazon insiders call = the "flow"=20 around products. With an order of magnitude more user participation, = it's no=20 surprise that Amazon's sales also outpace competitors.

Now, innovative companies that pick up on this insight and perhaps = extend it=20 even further, are making their mark on the web:

  • Wikipedia, an online encyclopedia based on the unlikely notion = that an=20 entry can be added by any web user, and edited by any other, is a = radical=20 experiment in trust, applying Eric Raymond's dictum (originally coined = in the=20 context of open=20 source software) that "with enough eyeballs, all bugs are = shallow," to=20 content creation. Wikipedia is already in the top 100 websites, and = many think=20 it will be in the top ten before long. This is a profound change in = the=20 dynamics of content creation!=20
  • Sites like del.icio.us and Fli= ckr,=20 two companies that have received a great deal of attention of late, = have=20 pioneered a concept that some people call "folksonomy" (in = contrast to=20 taxonomy), a style of collaborative categorization of sites using = freely=20 chosen keywords, often referred to as tags. Tagging allows for the = kind of=20 multiple, overlapping associations that the brain itself uses, rather = than=20 rigid categories. In the canonical example, a Flickr photo of a puppy = might be=20 tagged both "puppy" and "cute"--allowing for retrieval along natural = axes=20 generated user activity.=20
  • Collaborative spam filtering products like Cloudmark aggregate the = individual decisions of email users about what is and is not spam,=20 outperforming systems that rely on analysis of the messages = themselves.=20
  • It is a truism that the greatest internet success stories don't = advertise=20 their products. Their adoption is driven by "viral marketing"--that = is,=20 recommendations propagating directly from one user to another. You can = almost=20 make the case that if a site or product relies on advertising to get = the word=20 out, it isn't Web 2.0.=20
  • Even much of the infrastructure of the web--including the Linux, = Apache,=20 MySQL, and Perl, PHP, or Python code involved in most web = servers--relies on=20 the peer-production=20 methods of open source, in themselves an instance of collective, = net-enabled=20 intelligence. There are more than 100,000 open source software = projects listed=20 on SourceForge.net. Anyone = can add a=20 project, anyone can download and use the code, and new projects = migrate from=20 the edges to the center as a result of users putting them to work, an = organic=20 software adoption process relying almost entirely on viral marketing. =

The lesson: Network effects from user contributions are the key = to market=20 dominance in the Web 2.0 era.

<= /TD>

Blogging and the Wisdom of Crowds

One of the most highly touted features of the Web 2.0 era is the rise = of=20 blogging. Personal home pages have been around since the early days of = the web,=20 and the personal diary and daily opinion column around much longer than = that, so=20 just what is the fuss all about?

At its most basic, a blog is just a personal home page in diary = format. But=20 as Rich Skrenta notes,=20 the chronological organization of a blog "seems like a trivial = difference, but=20 it drives an entirely different delivery, advertising and value = chain."

One of the things that has made a difference is a technology called = RSS. = RSS is=20 the most significant advance in the fundamental architecture of the web = since=20 early hackers realized that CGI could be used to create database-backed=20 websites. RSS allows someone to link not just to a page, but to = subscribe to it,=20 with notification every time that page changes. Skrenta calls this "the=20 incremental web." Others call it the "live web".

Now, of course, "dynamic websites" (i.e., database-backed sites with=20 dynamically generated content) replaced static web pages well over ten = years=20 ago. What's dynamic about the live web are not just the pages, but the = links. A=20 link to a weblog is expected to point to a perennially changing page, = with=20 "permalinks" for any individual entry, and notification for each change. = An RSS=20 feed is thus a much stronger link than, say a bookmark or a link to a = single=20 page.

The Architecture of Participation

Some systems are designed to encourage participation. In his = paper, The Cornucopia of = the=20 Commons, Dan Bricklin noted that there are three ways to build = a large=20 database. The first, demonstrated by Yahoo!, is to pay people to = do it.=20 The second, inspired by lessons from the open source community, is = to get=20 volunteers to perform the same task. The Open Directory Project, an = open=20 source Yahoo competitor, is the result. But Napster demonstrated a third = way.=20 Because Napster set its defaults to automatically serve any music = that was=20 downloaded, every user automatically helped to build the value of = the=20 shared database. This same approach has been followed by all other = P2P=20 file sharing services.

One of the key lessons of the Web 2.0 era is this: Users = add=20 value. But only a small percentage of users will go to the = trouble of=20 adding value to your application via explicit means. Therefore, = Web 2.0=20 companies set inclusive defaults for aggregating user data and = building value as a side-effect of ordinary use of the = application.=20 As noted above, they build systems that get better the more people = use=20 them.

Mitch Kapor once noted that "architecture is politics." = Participation=20 is intrinsic to Napster, part of its fundamental architecture.

This architectural insight may also be more central to the = success of=20 open source software than the more frequently cited appeal to=20 volunteerism. The architecture of the internet, and the World Wide = Web, as=20 well as of open source software projects like Linux, Apache, and = Perl, is=20 such that users pursuing their own "selfish" interests build = collective=20 value as an automatic byproduct. Each of these projects has a = small core,=20 well-defined extension mechanisms, and an approach that lets any=20 well-behaved component be added by anyone, growing the outer = layers of=20 what Larry Wall, the creator of Perl, refers to as "the onion." In = other=20 words, these technologies demonstrate network effects, simply = through the=20 way that they have been designed.

These projects can be seen to have a natural architecture of=20 participation. But as Amazon demonstrates, by consistent effort = (as well=20 as economic incentives such as the Associates program), it is = possible to=20 overlay such an architecture on a system that would not normally = seem to=20 possess it.

RSS also means that the web browser is not the only means of viewing = a web=20 page. While some RSS aggregators, such as Bloglines, are web-based, = others are=20 desktop clients, and still others allow users of portable devices to = subscribe=20 to constantly updated content.

RSS is now being used to push not just notices of new blog entries, = but also=20 all kinds of data updates, including stock quotes, weather data, and = photo=20 availability. This use is actually a return to one of its roots: RSS was = born in=20 1997 out of the confluence of Dave Winer's "Really Simple Syndication"=20 technology, used to push out blog updates, and Netscape's "Rich Site = Summary",=20 which allowed users to create custom Netscape home pages with regularly = updated=20 data flows. Netscape lost interest, and the technology was carried = forward by=20 blogging pioneer Userland, Winer's company. In the current crop of = applications,=20 we see, though, the heritage of both parents.

But RSS is only part of what makes a weblog different from an = ordinary web=20 page. Tom Coates remarks on the=20 significance of the permalink:

It may seem like a trivial piece of functionality now, but = it was=20 effectively the device that turned weblogs from an ease-of-publishing=20 phenomenon into a conversational mess of overlapping communities. For = the=20 first time it became relatively easy to gesture directly at a highly = specific=20 post on someone else's site and talk about it. Discussion emerged. = Chat=20 emerged. And - as a result - friendships emerged or became more = entrenched.=20 The permalink was the first - and most successful - attempt to build = bridges=20 between weblogs.

In many ways, the combination of RSS and permalinks adds many of the = features=20 of NNTP, the Network News Protocol of the Usenet, onto HTTP, the web = protocol.=20 The "blogosphere" can be thought of as a new, peer-to-peer equivalent to = Usenet=20 and bulletin-boards, the conversational watering holes of the early = internet.=20 Not only can people subscribe to each others' sites, and easily link to=20 individual comments on a page, but also, via a mechanism known as = trackbacks,=20 they can see when anyone else links to their pages, and can respond, = either with=20 reciprocal links, or by adding comments.

Interestingly, two-way links were the goal of early hypertext systems = like=20 Xanadu. Hypertext purists have celebrated trackbacks as a step towards = two way=20 links. But note that trackbacks are not properly two-way--rather, they = are=20 really (potentially) symmetrical one-way links that create the effect of = two way=20 links. The difference may seem subtle, but in practice it is enormous. = Social=20 networking systems like Friendster, Orkut, and LinkedIn, which require=20 acknowledgment by the recipient in order to establish a connection, lack = the=20 same scalability as the web. As noted by Caterina Fake, co-founder of = the Flickr=20 photo sharing service, attention is only coincidentally reciprocal. = (Flickr thus=20 allows users to set watch lists--any user can subscribe to any other = user's=20 photostream via RSS. The object of attention is notified, but does not = have to=20 approve the connection.)

If an essential part of Web 2.0 is harnessing collective = intelligence,=20 turning the web into a kind of global brain, the blogosphere is the = equivalent=20 of constant mental chatter in the forebrain, the voice we hear in all of = our=20 heads. It may not reflect the deep structure of the brain, which is = often=20 unconscious, but is instead the equivalent of conscious thought. And as = a=20 reflection of conscious thought and attention, the blogosphere has begun = to have=20 a powerful effect.

First, because search engines use link structure to help predict = useful=20 pages, bloggers, as the most prolific and timely linkers, have a=20 disproportionate role in shaping search engine results. Second, because = the=20 blogging community is so highly self-referential, bloggers paying = attention to=20 other bloggers magnifies their visibility and power. The "echo chamber" = that=20 critics decry is also an amplifier.

If it were merely an amplifier, blogging would be uninteresting. But = like=20 Wikipedia, blogging harnesses collective intelligence as a kind of = filter. What=20 James Suriowecki calls "the wisdom = of=20 crowds" comes into play, and much as PageRank produces better = results than=20 analysis of any individual document, the collective attention of the = blogosphere=20 selects for value.

While mainstream media may see individual blogs as competitors, what = is=20 really unnerving is that the competition is with the blogosphere as a = whole.=20 This is not just a competition between sites, but a competition between = business=20 models. The world of Web 2.0 is also the world of what Dan Gillmor calls = "we, the media," a world in = which "the=20 former audience", not a few people in a back room, decides what's = important.

3. Data is the Next Intel Inside

Every significant internet application to date has been backed by a=20 specialized database: Google's web crawl, Yahoo!'s directory (and web = crawl),=20 Amazon's database of products, eBay's database of products and sellers,=20 MapQuest's map databases, Napster's distributed song database. As Hal = Varian=20 remarked in a personal conversation last year, "SQL is the new HTML." = Database=20 management is a core competency of Web 2.0 companies, so much so that we = have=20 sometimes referred to these applications as "infowar= e"=20 rather than merely software.

This fact leads to a key question: Who owns the data?

In the internet era, one can already see a number of cases where = control over=20 the database has led to market control and outsized financial returns. = The=20 monopoly on domain name registry initially granted by government fiat to = Network=20 Solutions (later purchased by Verisign) was one of the first great = moneymakers=20 of the internet. While we've argued that business advantage via = controlling=20 software APIs is much more difficult in the age of the internet, control = of key=20 data sources is not, especially if those data sources are expensive to = create or=20 amenable to increasing returns via network effects.

Look at the copyright notices at the base of every map served by = MapQuest,=20 maps.yahoo.com, maps.msn.com, or maps.google.com, and you'll see the = line "Maps=20 copyright NavTeq, TeleAtlas," or with the new satellite imagery = services,=20 "Images copyright Digital Globe." These companies made substantial = investments=20 in their databases (NavTeq alone reportedly invested $750 million to = build their=20 database of street addresses and directions. Digital Globe spent $500 = million to=20 launch their own satellite to improve on government-supplied imagery.) = NavTeq=20 has gone so far as to imitate Intel's familiar Intel Inside logo: Cars = with=20 navigation systems bear the imprint, "NavTeq Onboard." Data is indeed = the Intel=20 Inside of these applications, a sole source component in systems whose = software=20 infrastructure is largely open source or otherwise commodified.

The now hotly contested web mapping arena demonstrates how a failure = to=20 understand the importance of owning an application's core data will = eventually=20 undercut its competitive position. MapQuest pioneered the web mapping = category=20 in 1995, yet when Yahoo!, and then Microsoft, and most recently Google, = decided=20 to enter the market, they were easily able to offer a competing = application=20 simply by licensing the same data.

Contrast, however, the position of Amazon.com. Like competitors such = as=20 Barnesandnoble.com, its original database came from ISBN registry = provider R.R.=20 Bowker. But unlike MapQuest, Amazon relentlessly enhanced the data, = adding=20 publisher-supplied data such as cover images, table of contents, index, = and=20 sample material. Even more importantly, they harnessed their users to = annotate=20 the data, such that after ten years, Amazon, not Bowker, is the primary = source=20 for bibliographic data on books, a reference source for scholars and = librarians=20 as well as consumers. Amazon also introduced their own proprietary = identifier,=20 the ASIN,=20 which corresponds to the ISBN where one is present, and creates an = equivalent=20 namespace for products without one. Effectively, Amazon "embraced and = extended"=20 their data suppliers.

Imagine if MapQuest had done the same thing, harnessing their users = to=20 annotate maps and directions, adding layers of value. It would have been = much=20 more difficult for competitors to enter the market just by licensing the = base=20 data.

The recent introduction of Google Maps provides a living laboratory = for the=20 competition between application vendors and their data suppliers. = Google's=20 lightweight programming model has led to the creation of numerous = value-added=20 services in the form of mashups that link Google Maps with other=20 internet-accessible data sources. Paul Rademacher's housingmaps.com, which combines = Google=20 Maps with Craigslist = apartment rental=20 and home purchase data to create an interactive housing search tool, is = the=20 pre-eminent example of such a mashup.

At present, these mashups are mostly innovative experiments, done by = hackers.=20 But entrepreneurial activity follows close behind. And already, one can = see that=20 for at least one class of developer, Google has taken the role of data = source=20 away from Navteq and inserted themselves as a favored intermediary. We = expect to=20 see battles between data suppliers and application vendors in the next = few=20 years, as both realize just how important certain classes of data will = become as=20 building blocks for Web 2.0 applications.

The race is on to own certain classes of core data: = location,=20 identity, calendaring of public events, product identifiers and = namespaces. In=20 many cases, where there is significant cost to create the data, there = may be an=20 opportunity for an Intel Inside style play, with a single source for the = data.=20 In others, the winner will be the company that first reaches critical = mass via=20 user aggregation, and turns that aggregated data into a system = service.

For example, in the area of identity, PayPal, Amazon's 1-click, and = the=20 millions of users of communications systems, may all be legitimate = contenders to=20 build a network-wide identity database. (In this regard, Google's recent = attempt=20 to use cell phone numbers as an identifier for Gmail accounts may be a = step=20 towards embracing and extending the phone system.) Meanwhile, startups = like Sxip are exploring the potential of = federated=20 identity, in quest of a kind of "distributed 1-click" that will provide = a=20 seamless Web 2.0 identity subsystem. In the area of calendaring, EVDB is an attempt to build the = world's largest=20 shared calendar via a wiki-style architecture of participation. While = the jury's=20 still out on the success of any particular startup or approach, it's = clear that=20 standards and solutions in these areas, effectively turning certain = classes of=20 data into reliable subsystems of the "internet operating system", will = enable=20 the next generation of applications.

A further point must be noted with regard to data, and that is user = concerns=20 about privacy and their rights to their own data. In many of the early = web=20 applications, copyright is only loosely enforced. For example, Amazon = lays claim=20 to any reviews submitted to the site, but in the absence of enforcement, = people=20 may repost the same review elsewhere. However, as companies begin to = realize=20 that control over data may be their chief source of competitive = advantage, we=20 may see heightened attempts at control.

Much as the rise of proprietary software led to the Free=20 Software movement, we expect the rise of proprietary databases to = result in=20 a Free Data movement within the next decade. One can see early signs of = this=20 countervailing trend in open data projects such as Wikipedia, the = Creative=20 Commons, and in software projects like Greasemonkey,=20 which allow users to take control of how data is displayed on their=20 computer.

<= /TD>

4. End of the Software Release Cycle

As noted above in the discussion of Google vs. Netscape, one of the = defining=20 characteristics of internet era software is that it is delivered as a = service,=20 not as a product. This fact leads to a number of fundamental changes in = the=20 business model of such a company:

  1. Operations must become a core competency. Google's or = Yahoo!'s=20 expertise in product development must be matched by an expertise in = daily=20 operations. So fundamental is the shift from software as artifact to = software=20 as service that the software will cease to perform unless it is = maintained=20 on a daily basis. Google must continuously crawl the web and = update its=20 indices, continuously filter out link spam and other attempts to = influence its=20 results, continuously and dynamically respond to hundreds of millions = of=20 asynchronous user queries, simultaneously matching them with=20 context-appropriate advertisements.=20

    It's no accident that Google's system administration, networking, = and load=20 balancing techniques are perhaps even more closely guarded secrets = than their=20 search algorithms. Google's success at automating these processes is a = key=20 part of their cost advantage over competitors.

    It's also no accident that scripting languages such as = Perl,=20 Python, PHP, and now Ruby, play such a large role at web 2.0 = companies.=20 Perl was famously described by Hassan Schroeder, Sun's first = webmaster, as=20 "the duct tape of the internet." Dynamic languages (often called = scripting=20 languages and looked down on by the software engineers of the era of = software=20 artifacts) are the tool of choice for system and network = administrators, as=20 well as application developers building dynamic systems that require = constant=20 change.

  2. Users must be treated as co-developers, in a reflection = of open=20 source development practices (even if the software in question is = unlikely to=20 be released under an open source license.) The open source dictum, = "release=20 early and release often" in fact has morphed into an even more radical = position, "the perpetual beta," in which the product is developed in = the open,=20 with new features slipstreamed in on a monthly, weekly, or even daily = basis.=20 It's no accident that services such as Gmail, Google Maps, Flickr,=20 del.icio.us, and the like may be expected to bear a "Beta" logo for = years at a=20 time.=20

    Real time monitoring of user behavior to see just which new = features are=20 used, and how they are used, thus becomes another required core = competency. A=20 web developer at a major online service remarked: "We put up two or = three new=20 features on some part of the site every day, and if users don't adopt = them, we=20 take them down. If they like them, we roll them out to the entire = site."

    Cal Henderson, the lead developer of Flickr, recently revealed that = they=20 deploy new builds up to every half hour. This is clearly a = radically=20 different development model! While not all web applications are = developed in=20 as extreme a style as Flickr, almost all web applications have a = development=20 cycle that is radically unlike anything from the PC or client-server = era. It=20 is for this reason that a recent ZDnet editorial concluded that Microsoft = won't be=20 able to beat Google: "Microsoft's business model depends on = everyone=20 upgrading their computing environment every two to three years. = Google's=20 depends on everyone exploring what's new in their computing = environment every=20 day."

While Microsoft has demonstrated enormous ability to learn from and=20 ultimately best its competition, there's no question that this time, the = competition will require Microsoft (and by extension, every other = existing=20 software company) to become a deeply different kind of company. Native = Web 2.0=20 companies enjoy a natural advantage, as they don't have old patterns = (and=20 corresponding business models and revenue sources) to shed.

A Web 2.0 Investment Thesis

Venture capitalist Paul Kedrosky writes: = "The key=20 is to find the actionable investments where you disagree with the=20 consensus". It's interesting to see how each Web 2.0 facet = involves=20 disagreeing with the consensus: everyone was emphasizing keeping = data=20 private, Flickr/Napster/et al. make it public. It's not just = disagreeing=20 to be disagreeable (pet food! online!), it's disagreeing where you = can=20 build something out of the differences. Flickr builds communities, = Napster=20 built breadth of collection.

Another way to look at it is that the successful companies all = give up=20 something expensive but considered critical to get something = valuable for=20 free that was once expensive. For example, Wikipedia gives up = central=20 editorial control in return for speed and breadth. Napster gave up = on the=20 idea of "the catalog" (all the songs the vendor was selling) and = got=20 breadth. Amazon gave up on the idea of having a physical = storefront but=20 got to serve the entire world. Google gave up on the big customers = (initially) and got the 80% whose needs weren't being met. There's = something very aikido (using your opponent's force against them) = in saying=20 "you know, you're right--absolutely anyone in the whole world CAN = update=20 this article. And guess what, that's bad news for you."

--Nat Torkington

5. Lightweight Programming Models

Once the idea of web services became au courant, large = companies=20 jumped into the fray with a complex web services stack designed to = create highly=20 reliable programming environments for distributed applications.

But much as the web succeeded precisely because it overthrew much of=20 hypertext theory, substituting a simple pragmatism for ideal design, RSS = has=20 become perhaps the single most widely deployed web service because of = its=20 simplicity, while the complex corporate web services stacks have yet to = achieve=20 wide deployment.

Similarly, Amazon.com's web services are provided in two forms: one = adhering=20 to the formalisms of the SOAP (Simple Object Access Protocol) web = services=20 stack, the other simply providing XML data over HTTP, in a lightweight = approach=20 sometimes referred to as REST (Representational State Transfer). While = high=20 value B2B connections (like those between Amazon and retail partners = like=20 ToysRUs) use the SOAP stack, Amazon reports that 95% of the usage is of = the=20 lightweight REST service.

This same quest for simplicity can be seen in other "organic" web = services.=20 Google's recent release of Google Maps is a case in point. Google Maps' = simple=20 AJAX (Javascript and XML) interface was quickly decrypted by hackers, = who then=20 proceeded to remix the data into new services.

Mapping-related web services had been available for some time from = GIS=20 vendors such as ESRI as well as from MapQuest and Microsoft MapPoint. = But Google=20 Maps set the world on fire because of its simplicity. While = experimenting with=20 any of the formal vendor-supported web services required a formal = contract=20 between the parties, the way Google Maps was implemented left the data = for the=20 taking, and hackers soon found ways to creatively re-use that data.

There are several significant lessons here:

  1. Support lightweight programming models that allow for loosely = coupled=20 systems. The complexity of the corporate-sponsored web services = stack is=20 designed to enable tight coupling. While this is necessary in many = cases, many=20 of the most interesting applications can indeed remain loosely = coupled, and=20 even fragile. The Web 2.0 mindset is very different from the = traditional IT=20 mindset!=20
  2. Think syndication, not coordination. Simple web services, = like=20 RSS and REST-based web services, are about syndicating data outwards, = not=20 controlling what happens when it gets to the other end of the = connection. This=20 idea is fundamental to the internet itself, a reflection of what is = known as=20 the end-to-end=20 principle.=20
  3. Design for "hackability" and remixability. Systems like = the=20 original web, RSS, and AJAX all have this in common: the barriers to = re-use=20 are extremely low. Much of the useful software is actually open = source, but=20 even when it isn't, there is little in the way of intellectual = property=20 protection. The web browser's "View Source" option made it possible = for any=20 user to copy any other user's web page; RSS was designed to empower = the user=20 to view the content he or she wants, when it's wanted, not at the = behest of=20 the information provider; the most successful web services are those = that have=20 been easiest to take in new directions unimagined by their creators. = The=20 phrase "some rights reserved," which was popularized by the Creative = Commons=20 to contrast with the more typical "all rights reserved," is a useful=20 guidepost.

Innovation in Assembly

Lightweight business models are a natural concomitant of lightweight=20 programming and lightweight connections. The Web 2.0 mindset is good at = re-use.=20 A new service like housingmaps.com was built simply by snapping together = two=20 existing services. Housingmaps.com doesn't have a business model = (yet)--but for=20 many small-scale services, Google AdSense (or perhaps Amazon associates = fees, or=20 both) provides the snap-in equivalent of a revenue model.

These examples provide an insight into another key web 2.0 principle, = which=20 we call "innovation in assembly." When commodity components are = abundant, you=20 can create value simply by assembling them in novel or effective ways. = Much as=20 the PC revolution provided many opportunities for innovation in assembly = of=20 commodity hardware, with companies like Dell making a science out of = such=20 assembly, thereby defeating companies whose business model required = innovation=20 in product development, we believe that Web 2.0 will provide = opportunities for=20 companies to beat the competition by getting better at harnessing and=20 integrating services provided by others.

6. Software Above the Level of a Single Device

One other feature of Web 2.0 that deserves mention is the fact that = it's no=20 longer limited to the PC platform. In his parting advice to Microsoft, = long time=20 Microsoft developer Dave Stutz pointed out that "Useful software = written above=20 the level of the single device will command high margins for a long = time to=20 come."

Of course, any web application can be seen as software above the = level of a=20 single device. After all, even the simplest web application involves at = least=20 two computers: the one hosting the web server and the one hosting the = browser.=20 And as we've discussed, the development of the web as platform extends = this idea=20 to synthetic applications composed of services provided by multiple=20 computers.

But as with many areas of Web 2.0, where the "2.0-ness" is not = something new,=20 but rather a fuller realization of the true potential of the web = platform, this=20 phrase gives us a key insight into how to design applications and = services for=20 the new platform.

To date, iTunes is the best exemplar of this principle. This = application=20 seamlessly reaches from the handheld device to a massive web back-end, = with the=20 PC acting as a local cache and control station. There have been many = previous=20 attempts to bring web content to portable devices, but the iPod/iTunes=20 combination is one of the first such applications designed from the = ground up to=20 span multiple devices. TiVo is another good example.

iTunes and TiVo also demonstrate many of the other core principles of = Web=20 2.0. They are not web applications per se, but they leverage the power = of the=20 web platform, making it a seamless, almost invisible part of their=20 infrastructure. Data management is most clearly the heart of their = offering.=20 They are services, not packaged applications (although in the case of = iTunes, it=20 can be used as a packaged application, managing only the user's local = data.)=20 What's more, both TiVo and iTunes show some budding use of collective=20 intelligence, although in each case, their experiments are at war with = the IP=20 lobby's. There's only a limited architecture of participation in iTunes, = though=20 the recent addition of podcasting=20 changes that equation substantially.

This is one of the areas of Web 2.0 where we expect to see some of = the=20 greatest change, as more and more devices are connected to the new = platform.=20 What applications become possible when our phones and our cars are not = consuming=20 data but reporting it? Real time traffic monitoring, flash mobs, and = citizen=20 journalism are only a few of the early warning signs of the capabilities = of the=20 new platform.

<= /TD>

7. Rich User Experiences

As early as Pei Wei's Viola = browser in=20 1992, the web was being used to deliver "applets" and other kinds of = active=20 content within the web browser. Java's introduction in 1995 was framed = around=20 the delivery of such applets. JavaScript and then DHTML were introduced = as=20 lightweight ways to provide client side programmability and richer user=20 experiences. Several years ago, Macromedia coined the term "Rich = Internet=20 Applications" (which has also been picked up by open source Flash = competitor=20 Laszlo Systems) to highlight the capabilities of Flash to deliver not = just=20 multimedia content but also GUI-style application experiences.

However, the potential of the web to deliver full scale applications = didn't=20 hit the mainstream till Google introduced Gmail, quickly followed by = Google=20 Maps, web based applications with rich user interfaces and PC-equivalent = interactivity. The collection of technologies used by Google was christened=20 AJAX, in a seminal essay by Jesse James Garrett of web design firm = Adaptive=20 Path. He wrote:

"Ajax isn't a technology. It's really several technologies, each=20 flourishing in its own right, coming together in powerful new ways. = Ajax=20 incorporates:

  • standards-based=20 presentation using XHTML and CSS;=20
  • dynamic display and interaction using the Document = Object=20 Model;=20
  • data interchange and manipulation using XML=20 and XSLT;=20
  • asynchronous data retrieval using XMLHtt= pRequest;=20
  • and JavaScript=20 binding everything together."

Web 2.0 Design Patterns

In his book, A = Pattern=20 Language, Christopher Alexander prescribes a format for the = concise=20 description of the solution to architectural problems. He writes: = "Each=20 pattern describes a problem that occurs over and over again in our = environment, and then describes the core of the solution to that = problem,=20 in such a way that you can use this solution a million times over, = without=20 ever doing it the same way twice."

  1. The Long Tail
    Small sites make up the = bulk of=20 the internet's content; narrow niches make up the bulk of = internet's the=20 possible applications. Therefore: Leverage = customer-self=20 service and algorithmic data management to reach out to the = entire web,=20 to the edges and not just the center, to the long tail and not = just the=20 head.=20
  2. Data is the Next Intel = Inside
    Applications are=20 increasingly data-driven. Therefore: For competitive = advantage,=20 seek to own a unique, hard-to-recreate source of data.=20
  3. Users Add Value
    The key to competitive = advantage=20 in internet applications is the extent to which users add their = own data=20 to that which you provide. Therefore: Don't restrict = your=20 "architecture of participation" to software development. Involve = your=20 users both implicitly and explicitly in adding value to your=20 application.=20
  4. Network Effects by Default
    Only a small=20 percentage of users will go to the trouble of adding value to = your=20 application. Therefore: Set inclusive defaults for = aggregating=20 user data as a side-effect of their use of the application.=20
  5. Some Rights Reserved. Intellectual property = protection limits re-use and prevents experimentation.=20 Therefore: When benefits come from collective adoption, = not=20 private restriction, make sure that barriers to adoption are = low. Follow=20 existing standards, and use licenses with as few restrictions as = possible. Design for "hackability" and "remixability."=20
  6. The Perpetual Beta
    When devices and = programs are=20 connected to the internet, applications are no longer software=20 artifacts, they are ongoing services. Therefore: Don't = package=20 up new features into monolithic releases, but instead add them = on a=20 regular basis as part of the normal user experience. Engage your = users=20 as real-time testers, and instrument the service so that you = know how=20 people use the new features.=20
  7. Cooperate, Don't Control
    Web 2.0 = applications=20 are built of a network of cooperating data services. = Therefore:=20 Offer web services interfaces and content syndication, and = re-use the=20 data services of others. Support lightweight programming models = that=20 allow for loosely-coupled systems.=20
  8. Software Above the Level of a Single = Device
    The=20 PC is no longer the only access device for internet = applications, and=20 applications that are limited to a single device are less = valuable than=20 those that are connected. Therefore: Design your = application=20 from the get-go to integrate services across handheld devices, = PCs, and=20 internet servers.

AJAX is also a key component of Web 2.0 applications such as Flickr, = now part=20 of Yahoo!, 37signals' applications basecamp and backpack, as well as = other=20 Google applications such as Gmail and Orkut. We're entering an = unprecedented=20 period of user interface innovation, as web developers are finally able = to build=20 web applications as rich as local PC-based applications.

Interestingly, many of the capabilities now being explored have been = around=20 for many years. In the late '90s, both Microsoft and Netscape had a = vision of=20 the kind of capabilities that are now finally being realized, but their = battle=20 over the standards to be used made cross-browser applications difficult. = It was=20 only when Microsoft definitively won the browser wars, and there was a = single=20 de-facto browser standard to write to, that this kind of application = became=20 possible. And while Firefox=20 has reintroduced competition to the browser market, at least so far we = haven't=20 seen the destructive competition over web standards that held back = progress in=20 the '90s.

We expect to see many new web applications over the next few years, = both=20 truly novel applications, and rich web reimplementations of PC = applications.=20 Every platform change to date has also created opportunities for a = leadership=20 change in the dominant applications of the previous platform.

Gmail has already provided some interesting = innovations in=20 email, combining the strengths of the web (accessible from anywhere, = deep=20 database competencies, searchability) with user interfaces that approach = PC=20 interfaces in usability. Meanwhile, other mail clients on the PC = platform are=20 nibbling away at the problem from the other end, adding IM and presence=20 capabilities. How far are we from an integrated communications client = combining=20 the best of email, IM, and the cell phone, using VoIP=20 to add voice capabilities to the rich capabilities of web applications? = The race=20 is on.

It's easy to see how Web 2.0 will also remake the address book. A Web = 2.0-style address book would treat the local address book on the PC or = phone=20 merely as a cache of the contacts you've explicitly asked the system to=20 remember. Meanwhile, a web-based synchronization agent, Gmail-style, = would=20 remember every message sent or received, every email address and every = phone=20 number used, and build social networking heuristics to decide which ones = to=20 offer up as alternatives when an answer wasn't found in the local cache. = Lacking=20 an answer there, the system would query the broader social network.

A Web 2.0 word processor would support wiki-style collaborative = editing, not=20 just standalone documents. But it would also support the rich formatting = we've=20 come to expect in PC-based word processors. Writely is a good example of such = an=20 application, although it hasn't yet gained wide traction.

Nor will the Web 2.0 revolution be limited to PC applications. = Salesforce.com=20 demonstrates how the web can be used to deliver software as a service, = in=20 enterprise scale applications such as CRM.

The competitive opportunity for new entrants is to fully embrace the=20 potential of Web 2.0. Companies that succeed will create applications = that learn=20 from their users, using an architecture of participation to build a = commanding=20 advantage not just in the software interface, but in the richness of the = shared=20 data.

Core Competencies of Web 2.0 Companies

In exploring the seven principles above, we've highlighted some of = the=20 principal features of Web 2.0. Each of the examples we've explored = demonstrates=20 one or more of those key principles, but may miss others. Let's close,=20 therefore, by summarizing what we believe to be the core competencies of = Web 2.0=20 companies:

  • Services, not packaged software, with cost-effective scalability=20
  • Control over unique, hard-to-recreate data sources that get richer = as more=20 people use them=20
  • Trusting users as co-developers=20
  • Harnessing collective intelligence=20
  • Leveraging the long tail through customer self-service=20
  • Software above the level of a single device=20
  • Lightweight user interfaces, development models, AND business = models=20

The next time a company claims that it's "Web 2.0," test their = features=20 against the list above. The more points they score, the more they are = worthy of=20 the name. Remember, though, that excellence in one area may be more = telling than=20 some small steps in all seven.

Tim O'Reilly
O=92Reilly Media, Inc., tim@oreilly.com
President = and=20 CEO

Copyright =A9 2007 = O'Reilly Media,=20 Inc.

------=_NextPart_000_003D_01C8A86F.3554B840 Content-Type: image/gif Content-Transfer-Encoding: base64 Content-Location: http://oreilly.com/images/oreilly/oreilly_header2.gif R0lGODlhVAFmANUAAJwMDLdOTr1dXcp8fNKQkNifn96uruK4uO/X1/Ph4fnw8Pfx8aGfn4+OjoB/ f/////v7++/v7+7u7uDg4N/f39TU1M/Pz8LCwru7u7q6uqqqqpubm5qampaWloqKint7e3Z2dm9v b2ZmZmBgYFtbW1ZWVlVVVU9PT0VFRUBAQDExMS4uLigoKCEhISAgIBEREQsLCwUFBQAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAACwAAAAAVAFmAAAG/8CHcEgsGo/IpHLJ bDqf0Kh0Sq1ar9isdsvter/gsHhMLpvP6LR6zW673/C4fE6v2+/4vH7P7/v/gIGCg4SFhoeIiYqL jI2Oj5CRkpOUlZaXmJmam5ydnp+goaKjpKWmp6ipqqusra6vsLGys7S1tre4ubq7vL2+v8DBwl4T GQ4nKSkyyy/JIw4ZElkIB9XW1QhHFRnc3d7fWxLf4+Tl3RPa4xXp41zk600VDvP09FsM9fUZRBAb Ky8uXDiQFqhCCBfLEipcuExFCHhUAEicSPGIMoYYE6YIsa9KhowgQy5zYJFhipIMuWA86URFxhFZ PmJ8AXHBiBcfuDVohq6PhP8GCEWGVMEgIsWjKIUyfDFwikylUEkauaiQZRGqClWafDLhRcaiVip4 xdhRyAemHRo0qFDBRQkIfByMhRryBVgoR5FOpTuzgZSnfENKvbp1b8otK6EAVkizigSXGEMQmeCi AYMYKlzQzPCi7J0MQQOLVOGZSd6KhkVXJehkseqFg4lgXWZVNkatC2s3aZDRBesoJzLqZsBiQocY +GRkWMAidp0Qr6M+OT0xaXQZKn4vcX1dhnMhs2XoBn8bcWEowTGemMIbo+8iDVJA6CDjxYsSEhY4 vCMhfPeV2iFBnUTWXafCE9xd990D4Y3HYHlaJBbFYxktqESCMkA0BHHGwZD/QgySSbCChW5QKJQL z4xzzFxDBWjEgAAUOFI+DowAGUgkFsGdC8n06OOPQKZwl225ySgDblVNIVZGpSnR1VdHULYBAzBk MIJynDX5hokgCdSTEgaxiFF2S8BoZBISyJXRC19eiFGOUzR4pnlFOrVmm0rcuBBMSByklgRpdqAC CXDNwaV7Qzbxk5gLHaiEmallpUR/FTbBHZxSyBlpQkhqVAV0YzZx5ZguCiHBCZVx448KeMIxaqVU SABqRpIlASlhhy2hZ0IuWPpmF5riulCntFnhnwx8JsHAnUukuUJALITQ6hvtuachFZyBpOURFPm1 6TJNTJDRtUdcCux5RA5L/2eSjoW2UKJEVKCtE8VkMO0bT5KqxZIzlVoERfA+mKuuGAWs469cBJuu pBGiq+Sa5D4ggbsKYdrHq436qySjy9SqBAIAz8mEAwi7yZDFUCg8hH/EiofFsu4FeOx6iCTIphcY 3jvEARQdIPJ2JSdhbsIOkzcwFhJegbFCNA8xa8aJLJ3QtliQHFmZqH17pK8nMzH0FiobrW7DdWKx a0KD2RyxIOKqJ8bZ9fnrAEUWsrxb0Eh8rUXYAo+dRdJX5MvQPvwyZLAgVjOkc0xQFkFNXgsgYTcT T6PtNd5Y8D3530V7BDHcMniMCMXLJBuGf00PcZrPkkO4BOkyHD6E3llo7v860p1XUS1UDhLSNkNr cwHz0Q/kxXrrxB8x/EKLC0F75p1vjnvZWkgN0gsaB7I8r2VIwOS/EzEQuRLSR8mxo0B3TTT1K99+ BeBZHBpS8INYL7oY6cFWBAMMHL9E+UUo3Lu4pr/1sUtYDOMc+7IgwIx4axH+oVoXEqcQ02XKfUOo gPWW0SsCVuxcC+xbAqd3QHeIxIKJ4FjztsCd3jnBPzQKQQo4phAJEmFHQcrhj+7XvhACsArw2wIF odaIjJzhdwpBX5z+MxIEMdFTMnLQD6kQRLDNZIWDcA8ajFiFYwWGhyZ7Yu9slzwg5o5x6nNEFcPA RSp4ESp2iQKGVDPG6GH/0Iwh1MLzFLFGMLRxidEZARYP9kSXRfFnJITiF/aYiJls8Y4vDCS2CmnI b0kRklPoIxYYiYg/jkFeZ2zCG4WSguyVi5J19CEmpaDJK3DyECo0QwuN9SZ6hAB0DTElIfdkjl5m YG1k9FsiiwWGVxoigmYYYsdoSbwJ5I8hZHJiGvdmxzJSMZSuxJwiKlc6M/jngYAU5oZAosTLTbN2 1RSnFVppBWMWYnsc7N64mKlOITQwISgUmjbpqciFcWpd/eyCOwnhPbKQYXcJecEVpvgAUBrUg5Yz YEDFNsL3YbOd+0wE3Fy4BdjlM2WrhCczsDhQkKrSmpm8qOfOyQiETk0M/yJVzkJX+QBuEjN9BbTi Set5zTyiMaeOKKhKY8WxDvLzn/9zoDmBis6dVnSdQ7UTSxmxQXByoarQQ+kQBMeY7JX0CcF8Kh5L KNCMJgKJC7HhFGKKvazydJcLSd0pp3rUSvoTXAC9Kc7Mmgib1od+Uohp7Jr61iI8s4Zh/KBE9drD wkaBnStlalBh91ctCLacXaTpECRQ1MRGVKdkpShSFRhaFvI1ERiK4xWUmVDAglWzs4PVXCU7U6eO dph2LStdG+HXZZxgkEaoAC4HS02tGuGwCbnXVyNpW7ySrbR6PK0ikMuYpnBlg/hcrHPpxbHeLVeU 6RRrT6H7U8VSQn4YGf9BNJzEgFEiC4SONYJLl2FV50nXpKVlKCuj+pf7JgK9GVHBMxzAgAbMA1VQ +WhdtxYF/9wMrk9sUlifGBtKvjRv/lUEdguJsgbDNoDCMcIcXyPh8FKYCBZeBtW+mwgG0PA/nQGD fpPAWu9AmIklbu5/KpziFWd4ERNwr2hGoEs3ftgIoNPQiFWT4/ymmMcW9vFuKQEaMaq1tvHFcMxi G2VLGqk7UKaklGmLiQxQF44jcC1hxdsEvyZryaJp8kRFeOIhpFimWiZzJibQgBO8eCEoujJo2cyE iX3vAXAOjJwZK1omhrmQVKtAkGS3iW04QIY+OsE87DWMTnv606AOtaj/R03qUpv61JOgAAYiEAVV qyECGBAEBigQBgxYgAiwZvURLBBrVCvBAzKgNRRQoFA0cGAZHgAEBmTAgQiY4NZdkIEIiABsCljA BLoeArFx/WxaWMADwkYCBTzQ6yaIgMFPQAEK0vACEzwg233QgAxm/QINRMEDHFACBWSQ7CGA4Ega eEG4haCCdQ+BAvX+xLc9wGoKcIADwuYAuMEdAXILAdgiaPYDxn3rh2Pg3CKIdcUZvnEPfDvbKFAB Bkj+bg2YfAjf1oCupf0ADzA85lBYeb4fEHNWVxwDGmg2BUBO65X32uP2HvfOv20BDthbCAv3uc11 7XJoN6HnF+fAt2ld/+2VW9vkTh+C0Y0ggxa8/AESL7mqmW3xB6CgBWhPdgQkTmsZoGDrD/A608P+ bonbXBIoSMjcy96CF9w68Cp4QeFdYm8T2N0+sJ73A1qAAg60wO4WsIDiW3CgY3ul3F4J/Lo1/wKX 5PvciVdBBCLA739zYNmJt7oQCkAABRSBApfHzgNQX/rIY0cGILA85s8deHsX3u7HTjwIal6fy9s7 8MuIgOZbwHnmb7sItLc9EXiv+gc0RPfnZv64my8DexO//ESwQNldkmx1o33ewKa+5CnvdrgTWwUm 2Pfv4V5tYCu+/AhnAqIXCcDWbxHwAuvGetOmeBUnA7zGbx5Qeg8gb/8S54Det3wmUGyBBwLntnLz JnvA9wD/RgHExmoq0ALLlmwUuGyON23HNm3wRgASEQBFEHi9loITyGzHlmx2x3x5hx0eQH89eAH2 4QGBt3sOmIIFqG3A14HnpnFEIIMAQINix285CHEy4G5HmHJIiIQPSG5ASH9CEAHO9wAn6H3uBmwN uHo0F4L0V3gWEHn5tm3hd25fCGw/WG6OcIRQZ4Ws525WeITLBnT0R4H/tnFWKIZlZ3Pg5nhFoH7J NoIISHAvAGyxJm/49ns7d27LRwQCUB0oZnDMd4kQKAOsZoUmwH/SZnNaZ4XLhgKM6HYHMoh8KASL aHMUEAGMVwSfSCD/Q2CJOQiGz7duk8iFXDiIGMeKYgeMJ8h6yRZ+Gfhu0gaJF8hz9jF+t1ZwsriN g5iCIvAC8NYIBYgB+VZ6HzdvOOh+wHZr0qYBzRh4Qyd5ioeB9eZybieKQpCCHDCJGehy/KZ+IZd4 DUgBiedwGFB4RWAAEjEARdCPQAeQGCCQjpiOoydtRjeIQmCOD/cAk7iO45hv/WiPHiBv7kYECgkA DAlzFimQwJiF3pdsk9iRDgiRbXdx8MdvywYCGFCMKud4GDCIkOhwBYiH3reAxLhu64h7KBBykxCE NHdtdmdv8hZrLnmI6ld2IkBrAUd5FriPcBcB32h2HFmSQ3Bs9SECwj73jSrQb+7YbrfmiJonYIq3 c0SgAAlgBGDpFfnWlt3mflNZlELgjnaHjVDneCpgb1Z4iDV3eTAYlgyHeLInBHZpBHx5a3jojNRo hYm5NYKJAgPneMgnBIF3bu6We4fJfA/4ky6BbdG4bzz4miJ4JMeGAiAQmaOAkZngjJngfmvAAbB4 eQM3CuuoCcv2dJfgkmoAiR4YnKLgm5uQa7tJl2nAAQJoAsbpa9iZndq5ndzZnd75neAZnuI5nuRZ nuaJBEEAADs= ------=_NextPart_000_003D_01C8A86F.3554B840 Content-Type: image/jpeg Content-Transfer-Encoding: base64 Content-Location: http://www.oreillynet.com/oreilly/tim/news/2005/09/30/graphics/figure1.jpg /9j/4AAQSkZJRgABAQEASABIAAD//gAMQXBwbGVNYXJrCv/bAEMAAQEBAQEBAQEBAQEBAQICAwIC AgICBAMDAgMFBAUFBQQEBAUGBwYFBQcGBAQGCQYHCAgICAgFBgkKCQgKBwgICP/bAEMBAQEBAgIC BAICBAgFBAUICAgICAgICAgICAgICAgICAgICAgICAgICAgICAgICAgICAgICAgICAgICAgICAgI CP/AABEIAXcB9AMBEQACEQEDEQH/xAAeAAABAwUBAQAAAAAAAAAAAAAABwgJAQMEBQYCCv/EAHQQ AAEEAQMCBAMDBQgKCQwHGQIBAwQFBgcIEQASCRMhMRQiQRVRYRYjMnGBFxkkQliRltUKGCUzUlOT obHwNDU5YnS0tcHUJzdUWXJ3eJKXttHxJigpNkNIVVZjc+E4REVXZGVmdYKElJWlsnaDhoeIxMX/ xAAeAQABBQEBAQEBAAAAAAAAAAAAAgMEBQYBBwkICv/EAE4RAAEDAgQCBgcEBwQJBAIDAQECAxEA BAUSITEGQRMiUWFx8AcygZGhscEIFNHhFRYjQlKS8TNTcpMXNDVUVWJzorIkQ0SCGGNFg6Py/9oA DAMBAAIRAxEAPwB2HRRR0UUdFFHRRR0UUdFFHRRR0UUdFFHRRR0UUdFFHRRR0UUdFFHRRR0UUdFF HRRR0UUdFFHRRR0UV4ddRhpyQqKqNirnp7px6/r/AJuuJ6TpEpb5zPhBJroMU5yh2k6wZBnaaeVC YZKtlxqLljcn7QVIj0F81Brsf7eVNTQw57eORLhVROevz7iP2kuH7HDhiSgMiXVt5Z2UhWWfeas2 8IW4fHWkfuNO8locD051FtGYgU+VFP8AsiKCuFNIYpdrxmyg8I3zxwqenCov1Tr0LBvSrgd3ib+H JWAiz6zqieooxIA76Zew10JCiN680+nmQ5DhOoOfQBguUeNSYEOyZJTWW49LeVlttllAXuJDFOUJ UUeeUT3Xrt96T8LaxO2wm5UOlvAV9Io/siBMAHmYT20M4astGRzrU4liuRZ5lVHhWJ17lxlNnL+C iRxNBU3uFUu8i57EERMyIvYBIvXjq9xXiLDrPDlYo28pLKZzLb7jlGU67mBSWrYpPRRvXfao6HZt pCxRz8hl4hd01jIlQI9jR2wTo/xkclF+K4XAKLzZIYqnb6qBJ6KKp1jvR56ZrHitTjNmVpebmW19 TMBpMH1vZTruFhpOc1tWNuWp8jSpdXWYmMnj/wBmOXwQCsQSzcqQc4KcMRU5VhFTv57uexUXjlUH qmV6fOHWcaHDSlKSpSwEwIAWoxEeP47UtOHKU2HE7b1rNNND871bodRMjw77Beh40wMqyblyTB94 Cbdd/MojZoRKkd1ET5f4v3+l1xx6X8IwHErXC8VUpa7pWUSmYJ0HZUe3w0vocA5Vj5PopmmIaVaa 6yXjdHHxHKzYSpbCURTE81g3myda8tERCbbIuEVV9U5TleOm+FfTPhGI4rdYalUO2oJdVkO05Rz0 5U67hakWwJpK1ZfF445RZwPgnLjZR3ENpOUTuMVHuAeVRO4kROV9+vQ2L/C3U533wi3zJAXnGq1A qj4VF+7r7K8E042jvnR5kby+3zPOjOteSpIiiLiGKK2SoqKgkiKqeqIqKirHTiwuy2izWFLWoSnO OXqq2560fd19lUVHGhYeUX2hNfzLitEgurwq/myVO0l4RfZV6tTitq7d3H3B8OggBXWBhKDKh8xT rTCgZO1KtA0azSz0Uy7XqAFE/gFJJciTmRkH8citm0CkDXlkhCiyG1VUJPTu9OE568rxT0y4TbY8 nh1MJuCnOkyPUG9LscPUphS+VZesGheeaITsPrs5ZpFs7yK9LhMVsg5Lgo2oIbZgjafOiuj6DyiI hevA89SvR/6acG4gL77V0lsMOhHXIH7qtu7TSlvWCmUJI7KSNI8ojNsIVk46Bo24ARXSJol9EEkQ flJV9EFfmX6Ivv1uUY7h3RIfF42BqnMsgCU/wa676+yoIadUdRvVtRITcAkIDBSE0JFEm1ReFEhX 5hX1FeFROUMF9iTqfZPtPpKELSpzfpUmQodnt2pt7O0QDzrz1Joo6KKOiijooo6KKOiijooo6KKO iijooo6KKOiijooo6KKOiijooo6KKOiijooo6KKOiijooo6KKOiijooo6KKOiijooo6KKOiijooo 6KKOiijooo6KKOiijooo6KKOiijooo6KKOiijooo6KKOiijooo6KKqnHI888KqJ+H61/aiddQlRU kJOsj5006qBNSUYpukwjB9ANG51beU7us8KbQ41eRQJUnhj1fYuvEvanu0rHoicp3ecX3enzp4h+ z7iN3xhjSCj/ANKlK3G0CYC1qzkxy1gJ9p7K2DGJobtkuDUgefnSjP666Dx9Ts4xvBs3xumoGcHj 1mIXCXj9XFWU7Oky7COFo2y8cQ1AoSoYtqS9iiiL2onWNt/RXxWjA2XlW7gT95WpSEGMzZKSATGc c4M9o2NWSsRtzoCK5F7WXErS83WBp9r7pto/mWRLi0amvylkEawlsNODMeaeVkTNSQ/KKSgLwpIf sqdaXEuCeIG7DAGsVtnrlprppSCZTKHMpkDNMkakjt0E001esFStabprnkOm+q+6hizrdTaehwqQ tZGs81YBYzJPsMF8ROYIfUV5EWhLntR0g9x5Xr9HejmxxvBOBHPvFqXXCHC0zIgArMKVOunrctqo 71xtd0lM6Heun1tY0nyKRpTpdpvrhobiuidSc2PXtsuSJDlW4UZTcsbV30J52Q4Ish2ccEap3Fyv GF9Adzi9hhb2K4hYOG4KylZCkyoHm31YA0AO/LYa07iXQq/ZhUCu2x/VfSuJpZSajSM9xVMmgaLT NOFxJ0D+1HrVx9shRU7eFiqjfKlzxwqF9OOsI/wFjn6wLtbeyXn+9i6bUYKsoUCETEFHb799Kl21 2yi3SgHYR8IriNn+suKaMY3qKV9lNLVOy8hxRsmZZIjsytR5xia8IL/EBl/zCVF5Qe4kTr0H7Svo /u8ev7O4tGVqFuS5Lh16VIJCRlA6sxM6xUXCrpLalyfWAFOXf3E6Axsq0fgLl2MSdPsSzk4dUjKq +tbVs42UWPYEPqRRhlOOgj3C8KQqqJ2qqfnXh/0HcRYci8eQMzly2C4ZVqrOlRSNPU3iZJG/fbuY g0sBJ5Vq7fcRglTktZYs6lYGedQNOsxiM3cHJX7dRmvPx3YENbCRHZ81zuYccBtRXs7VHjjsJzQ8 M+iTFV2TbF1aOrSbtpeUrWQlAQ5CUncwSCNwBz0odum0TB5Vx1xuYqMqxGwx/LdXaXIaefoKsW1r 3ZQD9r5YZAJtGvCKcsmu0ETlERSXj70vMG9DuMNvWtzasPZ1XhPrqgtgpypO/fqffUVGJNHfsreb k9c9Hsx0f1BpsWy/Db2nuI9KGM1LF3Kfm1LrBghmNWsYW65Wk7xJEcVXfZe1VQFV9nv0acQWPFDL 96wphtpCxGZWVWZS9VAyAdYMET3mlYhco6ElG+lcLtj1g0sxXSjH9M9Scsxaqxi9ya+i5FDlPoBR IL0FDjuvKnzNtk8wLaKnK9xii8Iq9XHp99EOMYtxTeYzh6Qh5m2hESB1lJRrodIJOms0xhl0y2z0 azudaUt3cNp7n2oGMZhJ1do8Svxw3L4LX90xrBJ1+0bKJFkz0ZfcgKsdlt3zGgVz0VU57VAvOrD0 U45hvD7tqxYqecW60rMokKEIWFxlygTMiJnYkTpJXftuq1MRNddaag02XrugzDS7XrB8Mlv4NhVY uWhYnLjU9gEywaMZEsmxcRwkdbaF02+9PObd7f4qQ8Qwi+tr3C7XFrZbpP3kttqKoJPRwZEGRtmU TyMianF1HR9XlTCt2ObYrn+ssq+xe6qsp8unrINpdwWybi3Nmw0oyJLSKgoQfO00ipyi+WvHPZ1+ 1vQBgF7g/DDtriUdZ1JShM9Inbcq/dmZ0BIrJ4zchxQgU2v9nHXu5qqo65RR0UUdFFHRRR0UUdFF HRRR0UUdFFHRRR0UUdFFHRRR0UUdFFHRRR0UUdFFHRRR0UUdFFHRRR0UVMH+9C5f/KKxj+hj/wDW HRRR+9C5f/KKxj+hj/8AWHRRR+9C5f8AyisY/oY//WHRRR+9C5f/ACisY/oY/wD1h0UUL4Q2Xp/8 YrGP6GP/ANYdJziYoqieEPly+ibisY/oY/8A1h0qk5xtVf3oXL/5RWMf0Mf/AKw6KMwrz+9EZb/K Lxj+hj/9YdFKqqeENly+24rGP6GP/wBYdFcKgKr+9DZen/xisY/oY/8A1h0UBQNCeENl6/8AxisY /oY//WHRXZo/ehcv/lFYx/Qx/wDrDooo/ehcv/lFYx/Qx/8ArDooo/ehcv8A5RWMf0Mf/rDooo/e hcv/AJRWMf0Mf/rDooo/ehcv/lFYx/Qx/wDrDooo/ehcv/lFYx/Qx/8ArDooo/ehcv8A5RWMf0Mf /rDooo/ehcv/AJRWMf0Mf/rDooqi+ENlye+4rGP6GP8A9YdcmuExVP3ojLU4/wDbFYxx/wDwY/8A 1h10VzMK8F4RuUAhKe4/FA49+cNeTj/9oddiuzR+9GZXzwm4vGj9ePlwqQvH1+k/oilZa8L4RuV+ 39sPj68//gPJ/wCn9NqblQVPqma4pAIINV/ejcsVOz+2JoFFPfnCJPC/T/s/qSXz0y346yxB8K4E /seiq6vhG5fwpLuMx1OV9VXDJHqv4/3Q6YdddUMoWoKiJ/KudEe2rYeEllJC52bk8XUee0+MOf45 Xn0X+6H4r6fiv39dtrq5t3OkbdIURBmD3SOzSloQobV6TwjcuVeR3HY73KvCr+R0jn9v90Om7RZZ cLzWbOQU6nSDvpSSBOY8qu/vReZKv/1R+Oqvv/7zpH4//fD8V/nX7+mUl5CUNIUAlOw1+Gulc3qn 70Nl/p/7YrGuOP8A5jX/AG//AFh1OTcrDqHkqIWkRIrgRFCeELlye24rGR/Vhr/3cf8Ayh93p+r0 6YElSlLJVJmD29vtpzMaqXhD5iX6e4zGzTnu9cOfX1+//bD36eDg2y6V3Map+9EZjwqruKxz9X5H P/fz/wDKH4IvTLNy62leUqnSPZoPHTwoKiedV/eiMxRCRNxeN+qevGGv+v6/7oevsnXEPushJbcV KII8Rz9tNhPfXgvCJy5e7u3GY2orxzzhr6oqp6J/9kPp7J93SrhK3XVO5jqAN+wzSulPqzXkfCNy 1ERwNx+MinuhJhr6enovv9oe3on8yfd042sNrUtQkrGU+AM/MVwozUB4R2VuAptbjsZebRf4uGvk nP8A+sPf36PvjrYIbJgg+8kH4UJHfXqZ4Y2Y4nj19Xz932OYtjFoDLVmzJxx6LFntsmrjaOoViiF 2GSkPr6KRL7r1WXeF2b9wi5uG8zjUhtROqAYmPGBPhT6X1JEA0kjuwnTJHTVzfxt6Bzlee6Gzyi8 qqp/tp96l6fivU5pKQCkjfWeZ8aYWSoya3NJ4ceKZNKGFje9vRLIJirwjMGoB81X8BCzVel12lAH wistIlFNxGOcp9+EyET+f4/oorz+9G5T3EH9sdi3enun5GP8p/8AtDoOmppRSd6uJ4RGWqiqm4rG eE9+cLfT/wD6HQNaQTVU8IfLl9txWML/AP0Y/wD1h10ikhYO1V/ehcv/AJRWMf0Mf/rDrk0uj96F y/8AlFYx/Qx/+sOiij96Fy/+UVjH9DH/AOsOiij96Fy/+UVjH9DH/wCsOiij96Fy/wDlFYx/Qx/+ sOiij96Fy/8AlFYx/Qx/+sOiij96Fy/+UVjH9DH/AOsOiij96Fy/+UVjH9DH/wCsOiij96Fy/wDl FYx/Qx/+sOgmiqfvQ2XfyicZ/oW//WHSc4rsUfvQ2XfyisY/oY//AFh0ZhRFH70Nl38orGf6GP8A 9YdGYURR+9DZd/KJxn+hj/8AWHRnFEVX96Fy/wDlFYx/Qx/+sOlVyj96Fy/+UVjH9DH/AOsOiij9 6Fy/+UVjH9DH/wCsOiij96Fy/wDlFYx/Qx/+sOiij96Fy/8AlFYx/Qx/+sOiij96Fy/+UVjH9DH/ AOsOiipxeiijooo6KKsPPK0o8onb9VVeET/VOiikI143R7dtr2LRs13Ia5aTaEYvI80YszLsgi1I TDbDvNthJBiTziD6+W2hGvKcJ69GlcJqLTMv7IF2MR2466C4ruz3mOuSCjI5pbphYSoB9voTjVrZ JBr3m0XuHuakHyorwi9MLuUJMExUd28ab9dQFNxufHh3IzzfXT3wqdR/hnDVIjmb6x4vRGgfe/Fj nMktl/vEAv19NG/ajeoisYt49atPG8Zvf5M5NzY3tApkVEVGpGu9o6Q/gpM46Q8p9em/0m121H/W C376su+Ndv3ppTRTPDz22ZnC9zZo9wD0aQqf7z4+jZAlX6IpIi/f0HE2u2nU45bkTNKHjHj35zAJ 53Vzwtd4tbFUOWy0+yTFM2PvRPVCajWLDgD9yqiqv3J0sYg1O9OjFbdWmanR6fePL4ZGZz8ex7M9 fJ22rMrFsHGafWDGLTCXUUi7VAZVmw1DdUC4E1afMR5RVLhU5ltPJVqDU1nol7GaljxDNsUz/GqD NMGyTHcywy0jNzK23qZzUyFYsGnIusSGiJtwF9OCElRfp0s07AGgrrOuUUdFFHRRR0UUdFFHRRVt 1xGmzcXt4ROV5Xjoopmm6bxAdo2ymDQyN0WueD6TWlsqfYtG+8c29v1Uuztr6eILs6Wvf2h+ZZNO 4hTlFJE6MwG9cK0j1qh41D8cvX7O1sou03YPk2PUpNOJBy7XfIgxRl1UVRF9rHoQzLR1klUDHzki 9woqKTZeiV72JNo0nWqx/GWG9zJ7qZVkm7TxUdS50idnW/TEtHqqT5Xn0Wi+lMCA0yoCnPkW985Y SvmL5i7mV59URUReOoxxYchVNdcUx6iJpv1xg2o+XjcDqZvW8SHVJJ6/wtmw11uK2G6PPPZ9n1Xw cUR/AW06r3sWczEDaq/9YbhesR7KRaTsU2o2Mxyyv9L8ky60c/vsu61DyqY+9/3ThWaKvTYxV3tp CsbuQNDVF2IbRm3BerdHJ2Oyk/RkVed5TGeD9RpaLwvQcVc7abON3J3PypXqrTLMMUiQYWmu8LxG 9J2Ih98Rmk19v3ojBff8FPckxj/ETbIV+7p8Yo7Un9ZHacDj257xQtNrCFP038RKx1CrIz4vjRaw aY099HmqiIitO2dQlbMbaLj1RsCP7iT15fbxcfvjWptvxJPrpp4WnHjcbtdOBgxd0WxOq1iqGANJ 2S6AZQE6USopfOmLXaxpgIvLSq21KkKCd/cS8AhWCMSaI3irprHLdZyk61MFtT8S3ZfvTsbnGNvu t+P5HqXWtk5a4Tax5FJlNQg8IayqSwbZmNgKqKK4jatr3CqHwQqs1KkmrJKwdqfcy4TrTbhATRKn KivuK/cvSqVV3ooo6KKOiiuUy7NMWwWhyDK8xyXHsSxWphOWNraWsxuJDrIoCpG/IkOKLbTQiJKp mSIiJyvp0ac6DpUHernj77fXJE7H9kej+r+/q8jm41Iv8WBmlwevdA+1Qfym0VqM7zwXCwwlIqiQ 8oXCLHeukI3NRbi+aZEuGKj11G8QbxXtZpj6QNZ9ruy7E/PMo8HAMNeze8abUBFWpFxdOR4SGi95 I4zBTsJUEgcRPWsdxZI2FVFxxE2B1NaarmuI6qapvXH7tu9vxDNYok1gIkqtl6tyqCqeZHj5DrKJ mBGPlU5UiBTX6kvCcV68XdPn8ap3OIHiTGg89tIjF2H7L477cmTtp08yGQPKod9MtLslVfdf7oTH x5X35RE5VV5RfTjgxJ086iu42+Yg12cfaZtKjNeU1tM2r9vp6lpvSOF/4xxSXrpxBztpr9M3Haa1 dtsy2cXY9s7aVtub9vWFh8OAX7DiA0Yr+IknSP0m52139MXPaaMT2laJ6a3JZHoumt+3jIiaJgp+ nOrOVUD6trz6dwWBpwiKqInHHHpx08jFHY3p1viJ4aE604/FdWPEJ0prq+Do14l24iRHiteUFdqp j9Nn8SQ2hoQg5KeaiWCF6KKvnKdNUVfdeOJLWLGeuNKs2eIlfvinw6eeNVvY0wFljczsz073GUAP vnKyDb/enEs2mEXuHjFL8wedc7VLkY854lUFJRbQkTqxaxJo86uWMaYO5jxqYHaP4m2zLezYysU0 K1frpWrEGKkq4wDIYr1FllCiCKmkulmi3KQQVwEV1sHGvmFUNRISKYFg1ZpcSdRzp/LD6vK58qIC LwhIvoX+vHSopdZHRRR0UUdFFHRRR0UUdFFWHZAMrwapzwioiepF+pPr0UUk+rWvuiOguPwsq101 e0u0VxiS98MxY5dkUOmjPO8c+WLstxsVLj17UXnj6dE1widKjnynx4vCFxKdKr5u/jQbIJjRdnk4 3Lk37rpcezQV7L6u/wD5Hd0FwASabKExJNc7XePf4bNyCu0ecbj76N7i9D0Dzt4DH70Uaj1T8emu mR21wOt7Zh76sSPH/wDC4rJQx8r1n1cwFtfT4jIdGc0rIwr9xvv1QgH6yVE66Hk8jXC42dlD30ru nnjS+FDqhKKDiniD7TvjEHvRmzzOLVGacc/Kk5WOS+9E9U6dKxypYbT21JBQ5Zj+VUNPlGL3FVk2 NWDAyoNjWyAlRZjJJyLrTzSkBgqeqEi8L9OeuU5W/bcFxFIFEh59FReeeiirnRRR0UUdFFHRRR0U VacdAF7SMRXhS9V49E9+ik65opmG8vfdty2J4FXZtr9m1lXT7aSddi+M0kI7TI80sE9Bg09WyivS n1IgRVREbb7xV02xXlOF0ASa46QkZydBXzt67eIN4ie7GTd1tRlTvhy6GPE60xS4kcO71KtYi+a2 v2hcvi5X0hEnluo1BbkSGTFRKQih81U7i7Y2rP3GPoGifPn2UzDGtuOiOLZUeeJgsHN9V3yE5OaZ rLeyrJproogAZWtmT74n+bTjyfJFFReBBFQeqd7EHFkxtVE/i7y91GKXCXYTbUiKfOl2ZOF6+e8r veRKn+Eq+6kP6+U9+osk7iqUqKzWL2j2CCcK3whoPPIonHKEieyeifpfRE9+OkF4J0IrnRmK9kR8 KBKvAKvIl/EVF4XlF9l5XpsODspJUnso7iD057eUVfT6p9/3cenv/wCjpUzrFGcdlW3RB1GweBt5 OeRFwUNEX70FeUT2/V6fh0yp4HqgUtBCjBFXphFa1U6htEavKCUKNyoE4BmRJYr6ILrDyG26i88c GKp7Jx7dSWLtSKlJ020pDsR0IxrR/J11A2rZfqXsr1G85mW9Z6T232ZBsXBNe37RoXUeqJrZKaIr b0ZFLgU7hEeEm2+LrBgmRVlacQuIOVRkVJ7oV40m4jbnEWn8RLDKrV7RuIwhOa46X0b6SKhoUb5k ZRiYK69HbVFdM5tYshkPzaKw3yvbfMYghRjnWsssWaemNK+lHTTU3T/V7BMT1J0wznE9SMBuoYTq m9o7BqbBtI5eiOsPtKoOBz6civovKLwqcdTgZqxia7/rtdo6KKovPpwvHSFgkaV0Vqrq4qsfrLO6 vLWBTU8OO5LlypTwssxWAFSN1xwlQQARRSUiVEREVVVETpxO2tNhUHXavl33P+LnrXuusL7AvDyy c9GttTTjsCx11nVTcy1y91t3tfZwiufVGhjCiK2t3NFWiNwvhmT8lHFrbrEkI0G9Vl/i7bQgb+fP 4VHfp1o5p9pbc3uY45W2V1qjboiZBneRWTt1leTmgiKuWN1JUpDql2AqtAoMpwKI2KCIN5+4v3Fn Q6VjbvEnHjqqlOFOFVQRe5VU1VPdV91Ln3591Vfdfr1AUZ1NVxSCZNcPcan6YY5llXgORamaeY7n k7yPgaOfcx48+Z5xmDPlRzJDPzDadEOE+cgJB5VOOnUsLUnMkaU+LV4pziYpSVqLdHGmVp7dHzb8 1sPhHO5xv/DFOOVH/fJ6fj0dGYUOZSAPGZ+VcDhitRcSI+O0VrlORPtY9i0Bl6TPtJ6/Dw4LLQqT rjz58A2ICJKSkqcIK8+3TpZKlKyjeI9gg/GlJSpZyjetDg+aYZqe1Yv6YZji2pTMN/4aYuPT27FY b3Z39jwMqRNkoKhIhInKeqcp1xbJRooUpdq4n1pFb64kMY9STcmyF0MfxqM2T0mynfweJHbTnkje PgBRO1fVV+nSWionKRrTabYq9UVnyI8uC8/EmRpMOSHPmNPAoGHHvyK+qdJuWMpGbspooFYypygi vKoiIiIqr6InPHp+HK+/3r0hG9cbbAM0nWpukWmusrdAepuJw8ltah1uRRXIPuw7rHXwNDB2tto5 hLhGhChIrR9veiKQl69TG7haPVMVZNXrzfqKinnbbPFF3KbHo9djO7XLcz3d7OIgNsP6juwlk6g6 ZxkbEfiL2PFBEyCsBBQznsNDNaTznHm30FFW+ssSSvqK3rWYbi6XIQr1q+pvTzP8O1Mw7GtRMBzH Hc6wS7gs2lNc1M5uXCtIboobUiM+2qg60YkhIYqqLz6ceyWQSZnlV3HOu5IkVCQSTu4/9XXSKKjK 3/eJRgWyeNiWAY1itnr7uuy6M5JwvTOpntxJE+MBILlnZzXEJuqqWy+Vya8PCkhC0LpiqClbiWky umn3ktIJWa+ZbVSt1d3h5JWahb/9S4W466aebm1On0Jh2JprhhqhKCQKRz5rOQKOPJ8daea6qKCI DfKCObxPElKbloxrWOxDHlLBS0YpRnXHTGIDiqrLDSNRwRO1qM0g8ILQJ8rTaCKIgigiiDwnonVc 4hYKQNzWdU6pQPSa144MVROHB+Xn2X9FOE/mTlE/anUdTuuUimgpPZVFEk/iqic9von1454T+Zen 8tdQ2qZr0DZmoiAEaqqIiInv/rz12NNKfUDEjlvXhPUUNPUFRF5+nC+3r02yFCcxmm0vkmIr0gkq qnavKLx+peeOP1/h+326WVZdSKe6fuqhIoipEnaPClyvp6InKr+pE9ejpNM8aVHcWkmYqqiSIq8E idyBzx6dyqiInP3qpCiffynSekCxoKUh0dlUUTVPJVHEReE7O1fX6p8v19+f28/XroMfu04XE9lJ 1qbpJptrKzQpqZikTIrGneB+jugdeiXOMvoYug/V2kZQlwnRMAcRWnEFVFFITTlFcZxBxB3qSzer t1Sk09nbD4pm4XZOsbHN52Y5Rum2fMDGZLVJyGJ5tpkwnIE7ksWIKN3dYCeWp2kYRlNILhvtPISG OiscSDuh3raYdjTbw10NfVFiOW4zm+NY3l2H5NQZfi1rAj2VbaVc1uXDsojzaG1IjvtqoOsuAqEL gqokK8oq9Wk1cDWup6KKOiivJEI8dxIP616KK017kNHjdVa3uQ3NZQ0kCM5MnTJkkGGIccEVTedc NUEGxQSVTJURERVVU65nFJKa+f3W/wAdvGsgO8xLw59JpW7qyjy3a57Uq9nnj+mtY8He2as2xNnJ uzbcBO5qtZcAkLnzxTt5YeuEtiVGolziDbQ6xqL3VTVnfZuXeF3cfvr1Zx/H3VU3MK0QbDAqFlCb QXIztiPxFzOZXlxFU5LKEioQg2vKLUPYyNk1nbjihMwgRTe6LaXtcx62k5FD0A0vv8sfcORJvMng lkttKcNfUn59uUp50vohEfKIiJwnCIlY5ijiyRmNUT2KPuGc5inHV0+bTwAqaaU9SVIIqBEgfwWO 3z79rLXaA88Jzwic8dRunX21FzmqnY2LpKbtjYOkvqqk+aqv869JLijuaQUgmTXtq2tmF5YtrVhf T9CSY+36l66l5Q2NKSY2rQZXT0mfRxhZ/j+Magw0TtFnIqqNbNinPPCBLbcRE59eERPX19+lC5WD M0sPLBkHWkHqtp2gmJ3TuU6QYxk22TODEQS/0jyewwyeBCfeBmkB0IrxCSqoo8w4A8knHqqLNaxd Y3NT7bG32/XVNPV0o3x+J1tpYrY2La94PvewCKrLZYzrPEbp8hGKCercTLallAdfNBAUOwhOfMpm bqIiB1aMYwhWhq+teJW16KFTP7RPGF2z7l8+odDNQYmcbSd005hHImnWooMxXshNERDKgtGjOBdt dylx8I6rvDZETQcGiWyHAdRWgbeS4OoaluB5o0JBcEuF7V4X2X7v1+qdKzA08ExV0VRURRVCRU9F +/rtdqvRRR0UUwXxFt7WObE9A5GqJ4vN1N1Xt7GNiunOEQ3xYk5tlErv+Fgi+XyMMCjbsiRIP5WY 7DrnqSCJJWsJTJpDjgQMytq+VinxrM77UzKdyW4DNYutG7fJIIV97mItqzEp4KEpDR45HVF+z6Vp CURAeHZJK4++ZG8SJlrq/wA+kaVg8Sxhb56MaClBcVRjvI0iNoIH2dqccL2+nCJ8qInHogon7eeq pwZjNVYR20zuovNZHszzXJLXLssiYOzrS3h8AEzGO5EWuPLa+uWKVMlWhsh8MUltHlmuFwJF2ohC gaG2Yb6NI7vpV2lLJQExrln4TvSS/wBs9qrLwLH0qrPAJWbHRYg5GxcnpAZXlL0qupbBydGmOqsG PBkuWMutV1+O202SmaSfOUWepLbLaTBEzQLJvP3SfDn/AF+lL9o1rTleotjY2GV5BotXYmMKlgDB gV06LNdymxbekP1yLNlGIjFWJJr1ZNtH3X2HSI2m+1tKy+YQmCBM/Kod0ylsDnM+7byaSXP90+d4 vqBnkSrsdNLlKODlYN4gHnjZwmot3j1dEu7l12U038A61aT5za8QwFpS5kG33SW3xbNkTU62sGnB 7tfftXU0uv8AkVtiGrOS5FlGJVhRtPJEuiOonxyiWts1PyllqVAcaeltkUpmkiGjQyJTbatIjbzy ALjklq2b6rfafwpkWrZ0HbHwHh21VzcVmbucRMdSZhE82so+zBw+s+PTKX40b4dAkTXiVyMsazR5 VYFWox/OyrJSeJXbV4ewh51OkApzSdtyI8RE89DSHrVCUFSew1bpN0lhL0b1HzizvdFsqvauqqrS qm0ZSW6m1ek1TFnYVqtvyHSOTWsyJKSFbcTgPLM2YziGz087bILgQPP9a79w74nz8fM1sS3VNWWr uHYzj1tpjlGm9rnV1i9fNqZXx1heRmb9ynjPwASa2RtkKdxzIbM5rvLudCIx+eLrmHJSk9tOP4ag NZucAn5+dvpTo8JvpVzjeP5CGU4tkk90X3ht8dQ24MkvOdFDjeY464gj8vPJ+rgEnoK9V6wQaoEB aVnJpFbHQDcBmfhhaiX+uujNLIt9p1tYFbaz6S1jS+RHj8cPZbi0ZF4iWUZtAdmQm0RidGbXhAdj i6l5ZYkNG11ssLxkaNOc+dfaJg+b4pqRiGLZ9g19WZThd5WxrimtITqOx7OA+0LrElk09DacbcAx JPdCTq7jSa0s611fSEKkTSqtuOC2iKvPKrwiJ7qvSq4a+Yvxmtxllr7rXF8OHEb04WjNLQwcz14e rpfbIu2pTrg02IOOAaHHZleU7PmIg97kVuM0hCEku6DeXgaFVGM34YSANzTGeyMy1HixYcKDEYaC NGYjMCyzFYBOAZaZDgG2xT0ERRBBE7RQUVecmpwE61g3F5iSa89IUQdqZAihFROVLt7eF55JBTjh fclVEFP98qpx7/Tpl0wNKArWkYvtHoefZ9mtrmWW5fL0ztY+ItPYxAtyYrbqRUyJUxPtSILKk6KS HISi226CKLbgcDxythbXGRAMSdavU36UtZMuuuvjTKHdBtXcFxy1u9QMGp9Ua+ytamdb4jjcydKh XVwNXfsvTZK18AJTApMsquU1JcbmSHHYzXxMho2mnG7Nm7aXlWVRBJ18Ij+n41ItrlpUI2jmfZp/ TT2Guiqtp+slhUWsu0ySNByW00y/JpJb98jciAT2Gwqn7IkNBCeeNmJYsy5aPfGGyLqo+0yj7jnL f3tlhAUTME/FUj3DSl/fmEqgDY/WfOlKPq9t31Ey+31fSqtKfVOpyy9gWTlrnWTvyr8IbFNZRI9d IclRJMRxuHNkpIYdJg31B+ZwAyYrT6R37lrMROxyx3n+mv4SKbavmuYiJ05eT50rT2O1TNbDH7ex K5xpdVLShn0NndrczDWXGPDqerab73GiaMQtqqZO5NpV5Vt8kMu8Utr+/ZzIUhEZgk+/T4RSbW9a QII+XaT8oHwpyuj2N5Xg9H+5xkldDuWqtt+UWWjNcccy6VIs57jkua0+iuNWLrQx5krgzaSTLMGC 8oQAKO5uRcBp1AICgd+WWfIqquUgqKwd/hoNPoPxpWF9/VSVfflfdf19V7K8xTpuCfCDEe3eoYXB o6lU70lX2HnGHW3GHHGn0VEEwREJFX0/b79Mq0VKa6kEHMmnC+FVr6ezPdRi2z03W6naVrTLtZmC QVdEYenOoDTPxs2ohCvakSttY4ypLEcS7W5sd8WgT4lRHVYZe9KMp3FbnB8Q6YFB3FfQfvi3dYfs h2paxbmcwrpWSRsbqxOrqI3ej+SXEl4ItdWtdgkQnJlyIrCH2qgI4RqiCCr1aTzq5UoDU18kmCY1 qAxPzbVPXjJGs93R55JC51IyMPmGRMThGquGiqqt1EBESNGj93YisuGo96qS5O+uy8ewV5/iWIKu DpoKU2CLRTonmIiMkYo4nv6dyr9ffleeefv49uq51uSCNhUFhCEnMqosdCLvcLFHAlJzUjP5pVGH TraI87mANs3TUmV8XBtXr5VBHZIuso+lcowmgYVXB7iYJdOwptVwlS9AkK7No7vrV5c9CZ0jfs+E fXWt3ke4XXDDtNLLIbXNZbNZHx6fdBlb2kxsSTu2MWanuUH2I42KrGasSdjHYi2ioLQtuvKQ/EHW 5W1XRSE7AHftIikixZkRz7+/Q+fypcsV1P1RsNQNX8XyKxyHHqKBDbm1ttB0/ckxaQUs4TDbDoGw 07LfkNPGQi2sxkmlKWy5GBkmTVc2iUqIB2Jpu+t2220qTrPfSh66UmW5He6P0mJgQwXLW9ctoh5h fUEV1lqsNWEkWFKqSVQHuxW2yRGnSFS47vVINu6mVTyjs+tNYXctpbcU4Ozs+tNkudSN0mnthO08 g2uR6mZBR4ZbQ3beRhJm3aXMbFFnxrVtxIxG+L9miRRJ2UgyVaeY+G81opBWCEturTHMj5+eVPsW jASHFRCj29pjzp3119he66YhqNqhjkvPMzyurh3jNdIyosE7YWPVL1jirL1lBr47SwZgjHftn20F H1aRHOUUQeackvNMuFAT++pQ8MoJ18YoTbtZR8p8fy7K42drJrnUxIzUbJr2BlNozeWdFHm6VzSc zSfCpcWKDCSvPzzpo8mTYTkMgJtGyIl81k17UENMqsAo8pMT3gRPbufZS0WbKtPrtvXQWGquuVxq JqNUN2Wc4thdZf1xMvRcAJ6ZVx2c6i1zkJHG4ho+y9WOvSi5kSXHGuHkKO24rAxrG2ZDAcVoYSY/ xA6eIoFmyDBPL6H6+FaVNXNyVZh00IMC0ezGNhAuMYxJwaVLRlkMJhzmLo7YxIpb53Lj1ecI3FIu HE7AebOQUksNZwg0ly3YConSd5Hb+Gu1O8wjI7iJc5fp1nmXxcqzWFkmRs1U0aMaw72ihvwhCZ5L XLCIh2QNd7aiJ9gqnmKJn1X3DaJ6oqnuGgqFDTalRadcZMXGnCacRCRCREVU7k7VRUJFRRUVJFTj 37fXjlFgKBQZFMPqIUko0pz/AITO4GVtB3PY9skspwRtqGq5WdhpVWKRkxp3mkYHJ9jQRU7VFirs I6yLCK0poLMhiWyAcuh3arDrvpEa7it9hF/0rcK3r6t2nvNIk7eE45Reffqwq3q90UUlWt+sul23 jSnOtcNas0ptO9KcXrXri9urA1RmBFbFVUlEUU3CJVEBaBCNwzAAEiJBUmuivjx3HbgdYfEzuWsu 3HUN7pntRRxmdheg8txW/j4wqLzFtnQtH2zZziCxIZqFVYsRCaR1H3Uc6orrEdSlHvrKYpjSkqLb fv8Awr2iILcVgUBuOw0LDDQAItsND6C20CIiNNinojYcAnvxz1QF9w+say6nir1qqnunv02WRGem lJRExXK5TmVPiD2NRLKuzy6s7d6QxXQcbxewvpkkmIpSn1GNBacc7G2AVxS7fbhOOSRFlMNBxJy6 U6xbFxOZJAArjT130n+FoZEPKJN7JtoozaavqayTOsL2OsCJPV2BCbBX5IDGsYbxqIcgJl3IitOo CxYriTp+Wh9xqQLByt1hequn2fVOEXVBkDlexkzavY3Ev4h0djkDPYho9Cr53lSJDSiQkjjYEi8/ cnPTNxbqbMGmHLdSSQeVVDVzSByHZWIax6NLXQ4z02ZJ/LGrVqHGad8l194xkELbQO/mjcJe0D+U 1ElRF592cgGN64LdcxGtbGx1D07pzfbttRNPq2Q3UvX5R3r6GkhatqMspyaMdHVccjjHEn/NbQwV sVJFJE66bdQikhpR5VuKLIcdymrjXmL5FQ5LUPA0bcmumtSW172gdFFICXg+x1olBfUUcDnjuTlF wCDlKSKQ42UnK4Na3HTfRhO1LKUJ9WuPz7T/AAfVTEpuAak4pRZzh0lzzCrrJtVaB7jgH2SbUHIs geE4ksE28ioioaKnPUq3unUq3p9m8W2vMg0//YL4kGo21/NcF2y7w9R8l1e26ZHYx8e0/wBXcilI 9e4nbPcpEocukrwkluQqK1EuF7SJ0PKkoimDvWlsr4OGDoa22FYmHxCtDX1GNKithwiJ6e33fh1Z Grg71c65XK8kSCKkvsnRRXyNeJfqVZa1eK3kmJyZEmRh2hWlVNDp4TjQcRsmyp2Y/MnsmnzdxVdS xDE/cPOkIicOlzUYu/kRHbVFjr5S2B20g5IKKqB+gi8J6cen6vp+rrLNmQTWEb1M0Iqpxx9/PRUi rvxEjuQ0feA0HsQhJUJB9uEVPVE/D8V+9enAVcqR0Sqv/aNioOgtjPQT5Vzh4k7+VVV54X19SX3+ i8e3p0rpCBJptbSgRNIJneZ6gRNVcVobOLo9cYD9kW+ZMv2EW0cua/7JGAD5NKksIiyCS3eRlxRA QBshNCQiXqTaqDqZO/8AX8Ks/uKVNhUnfuiuGi70MfsMVvLvGsD1gymbURri4sKiltamVIhVVdBr 5ciwblBMSLIFGbqCKNsuq4rhSBRO1ozWR9yVITO9LRh60XJE6Hbfw8+yu7HcMdpltTQ1uL5kxAsL 4aqqyGebP2ZcA1lMDHZrkdsHxkMm3KslRsZDYijbJu/MJi30oWp6MqB21pCcPIBIPb8ifpXLUe7h rJcfpn63SLXWXkFlXRL+sxpXatyZZ071PLuftBDSascQGJXy1Vhw23kcNkEFVkmQqOFBKiUHZWX2 ZQr2704MOMwT2/CnGUGWScox3F8vhyb6PDuaiDbRvinV84WJUduSImoqqd359FPj0VxCLkuR7YDj RZVJOtVjjykLLZ5VtjsrJxCQ7CeqL/8APiT24RPr7px6L9PXj3XppN0VK1pWcjWsU3HXFUnXHHCV eVUlUlX6e6+vsiJ9ydOroDoVtQEg4pJIAGHOz5/LdTltzjhe00+orxwqfVFL716QkwZpQVBmpdvA Cyu3q9uO4XbHYSrGVRaPavXeJ4n8QSGUfFpzEW9q4vf7r8OzclHQf0QBoBDgBAR2Fq6VthVehYe8 XGkrPMVPMnT8RUtKprGmiRRnkFSEu1eFT7+P8/6ulCuLJERXxK5Y/Nnb3/FKtskdmFmx6+OwZRvo vnDUxsZpAqk49/KFh2X5f07fb36zuMb1iuLVw4gnzrW1X1VeAQPX9FE47fw4+nHtx1QRWfqnC8IS CSiq8IvHoq/ci/f10QUmKRPWFMf1e1s1iqtRtV9PMXhV9LVw8XtDqSZjF9rzCTFZliNxAeA1d/MT mWYqfmijoQmJOg+rYLZ4awhTWZUT3+NaDD7VshKyef18/wBKR1zcdqrgOIakTKbMxz5oHY0iguHZ Nrl9SrjWLzJ0iobs7tuvlFIclQ4aOR0F/lX0biJ57riBP+6t5dfw+VT7izbzco93y89tOMna2arD J16hsY1UNv4bgU3NWXHKh8mrdLGrbnY9FYRHVMlbCPdMyk7e934RlB8pTTmtdtGUoUs79T4uAH4E eRVZ9zRoQdzHLtg/SkzzncLr9p1d620Fw7phaP4hjttK8xcbcjpL+EoY02PfBFbkG58E5MfkREYL 812sqLcgpAGJOpsrZaCD/Eoe5yBXfuLaglQO5jfv/DX8qUFNw2SUsuVBssjwfL66VbP0+H5KxjMy HCzshyeqgiceGLhq2PwM6x5Hu8tShnI7+wS7ZlrZ2y3FiP3gfnT1xhqAiQqO3UaaH8qSKj3Dawyb nH9O4WbV2U5O59t0k+ZJwoY80ZflZI5HlNIshDdWM9VVMXkWkioZC2ZuuuN8dS02ot8glKvgJFTH sJbjNMbc/Ct3ie4HVBupwR4smosmCabMyG9Nxic+9qNJOwportTA5dBKtwI8uZO9BPt9fzflsvcp v7VtttCUfupVz2mf6VB+5oEjyN/f4/Wl00o1LziVLT91/IsHag2tfWS6X4XHn6o4k2VcXEIK50ie dGSZs1DL4uKjRdzjidgj2ikQsI6NZG6ejHsUjMfcd++oN1bJSCU8vwGvxpyKoo8IoEK/inqi8qnH +b/P1Biq8GaonP0/1/14X+bphe9Pjakw1JedjZNtPsq+RIj5bB3DaVSMfJn++pPPJI8Y0BPqpQpl oCp7eWbqccKvVpg64cjtq6wJcPd1TT+PO6UzGvDuxGY+MLHLDcTDsZgCKcSn6zHbyygia8eyTIcZ zt9lUEReU5RdHemGyR2VrMTUUsqI7KilElIA54RFRC9uOfRE5/zJ6/f+PWOrzkEV7EiH1FVFeUXl PdOPu/n6KaccgxVw333lHznnHlEO0e9e7hPuRF9k9/b35Xn36Q6hRbUEbwflXEHMcopmu6XWWhwK xt4+oulOBahYXV4NIymruciFqS1X5WhWo11e+26iq01NGrlMBKBUJJDoMr3LJaHqcyjpErSD1uqP dlNXabAlsEHWfh+Vdxlu5xymjW79TppqHkciNOkQKSQ7MhRYN/PiWtVAt2IvmyfNYKK7cNkKvNtj I8hxALhtVV1qxJdWknYmoLGGFe50/rHyro8912qNN8mz2mt8G1GlY3QoEaxyKMcFK9Jx08u3YheW cgH3HXI1XJb81GvLB5WEVQ8xSFH6LIMzvXVYepxohJ8zFafPNxErA8gn1Qad59kmOUkG5s8merZE ZqRQw4NdQWhzwbkPttux249+JmAqrzjzPa2JCKOG6xh8KCp5inhg6uhTKtZH1/Cubvd0sLBq7Kb7 K8ckPV1POehC7TOAw1DQbzJ4LciTMmPNxokYmsVbNDdJoVdkC33CJh2IawhbL0ZvUd+Ckax26k04 bA8jv+AP191e8t3IPYrZ6pGWnlmo0se1jY/lIOx5ECwVvGIWROQX/Kk/FETjRGpEwiRjSM2PmERo vRZWJDZ12KzHclUfWm2rRWcQez5kV2r24eIeVzsJi6datyLU8hkYvizKyq1Ayye3kZ4+TMU0lEkY UlCReZJFpPJJXE71Ag6S5hxUAsKgdUx3KmPlTK7Naj63mJHjSiYDngai4NjeaQK/LMchWQPSRrrj sCZCdbkPxjF9ttx1sXUJhxOQM0UVTglReEiXqFpuRUV9BZVlVrXVEqkoEXBmIeWJEiKSByi9qEvr 28oi8c8coi/TpsumaVvrVOOenEjMkk029tSO62SnaOLoRm9dISLl2M63aX39AStI4rc/8qYML5RV F57o1jPRfReUPhf4vE/CVnOBV1w7cEuhI7/lX3bxe1EcEeERDJOET24Xj3609busolVBVUTleOii vl+8ajVyx1d3Z7Z9lJyVPS3EMfd13zqvTkmshnhPWvxqBJFFQTYCSFjYrHPvB04LHcKK2KlAxF7I 3pzqoxq7LTMp3OlMV+3Kp+1dpxyLH5eQCivOQUtozs0eE7ycKMh+ci8KpkXYiIi8r6eq5VkqUqTt WCSVKJUoVmHw2BuOqLTQgrhGaoIgCJ3KREvCIKIiqqr6IiKvsnTO5gdse3s8e6kZTMVbB5h4XSZk RZAgXYatOi4gF6fKSiq8L8w+i+vqn3p08P7OhYITSKa46K12sTumoWzek9ozR2U6yWnzegkXFZbg 9XvRSU2I8yG6Stg84+hoZCgo4hDx6o9h7uRJVHYdOyflVhYPdEgkz9d65LSLRKNpnZYYxTauUWZu 4yyUG3afZYfsSjljtVScETExTgui5Qg4HmIaC2pML3ECSClC7IbWkD1g5/3KBHyp5zEjzSR/Wezv rFptsr1Qul0Y8yo5kGlxjAsfsykY0qzZKY1YjYRpdZJWUiV6yHeW3u9HvkEFEgLuVWri6GYrjefj pt/SkqvgSSRqZ+P5VhQNp9bUUeG19NeY/X5LQw8Bbr58Sjcr/Ok487NdNHXIcpmULE12d57jTL7T jRxxJXXFaQllOYkghOnbSlYgkmcvb8fZXrH9pWO0ON1FAzeUBMw2aoG5yUHe63HjY3c05A2b0lx0 WiK/dlNgTpIPlo2pGrqOIh6/TvHmR+Fd/SGsx5kH6U4TDqiwxLH6fGslssJdv224kVSrK37JGWYR mI6L8K4+6bjxG0vzqZkXItpwrS8wr+9S4oqSNBv+dVt+rpVykaV2HYfoiAq+qCnp7qvsn7ePTqMp BproykQasg+yavizIivE38rqNuiatcihcGiKvbyJCXC8ciSL7Ki9LaTrrS0Ik1oc1wnENTcMyrTf UaoG+0/yCBIpbiIS8ebEdFAc8tV/QcbUmnAMeFadBo09eOFW7q0LkUq2vFNOSK+hLwWNymd7htj+ L0+reWlneuGmOQ3OkGcXDhOE9b2dM+LLM98nPnV6XBcr5pKqlyslVUlVetq2rMkKHOvTmV5kBXbU t/S6cryaKoqicc/6eiivki8TfTSbon4p9xmciPJjYVrxpbUHWTXHuRfyvFXZjciA2nCdplVWrEls PU3FjylHjy+FqsVYK0SOVUeOMFbcjlTfy47i4VtR59Oz9H9n4dZRAgEVgRoYqnRSqPRPdURPx6fG 1PjatQORYwV+5iaZXiI5WEc5blUVvFGc3HFBU3iiq55otgJtkRqKCgmJKvC89K6IqpLzalNqy1wJ 2mh+pNpjEN250v1Bn3uMZBHrBG1jzWLegcOKxbNiTLqsuxu5uO08q9xD2n2mHlmqLFspOp2Gvupw LdbtoiII9h5U27NdJtpOteB1VfV6t4lS4da1cvLLDjLY82TkFLJixIb0yU9ayn5sdkY9dAa+JM0Z FI7Qk0pMt+XMXdupVnUPVJP83nzNWCb25bMKGs9nt/OlTqdKdFse151Dza11CxC/1SmSbCzGgm2l ZGfx5WLpq5luhFZNt9Ph58Rl0nSFtG0aPzu8nDM+JvXUNllI9aB/Lv8AOoi7h7o8hGn5fhWk1D0s 246paa43QVmo+m+H4S7MhY1XWlReVUlmcsaDNrmKiK++64JyAjT5jYNsn5/DxI6LzauAqm71ww0r 92VH26fOlNXTyCQRJ3Pt5+fZSs4fO0iw+znYDjWpWHyb47GDVfYsjL4UqbEls18eBHr24vmo4DxN VamkdAQ3XfiCESJSTqI8gg9KaQ70jmtKHCu6O0SCVVfUFuMmJ8fGWHPZkJJi+Z5fxDStkvez3ooe aPIdyKPPKKnTSmP3u2mojStl003RV5iO5JcaZB1uP3ko+aZIItIiCpGSr6IIIYqpL6Ii8+yLw8gS QKUhOZQT21Lx4AWGXsrbNrnuevIlhAr9Z9V7nNcWbktGybmKRGI1LTyFaMUIUkRagZIn6o42+2Yr 2mnWwt28iAmvRLJno2wjsqeFOnQqakpTFeHR7wUeEVF9FTn6ddJpQNfKb4uuhknazu7ib3/hUrNu GrsKjwrU+288jj4fmMFSi0dzN7yUWIM2G6tS68gIDTrcMjL84vfXYna9KjTeqLHMO+8N6bimKayZ wekumua5vIYZG3r4zTFfHlMSHBdtJL7USE262yhPECyZTHegIpKAOdq88F1mG1KKw2qsjaWgWoIV TdMa3YX15VY/9jaLWGoV+aRqO4mVmRxauCGReRbk/DZasWVlJEX8nJ7iPOoRC29E7wMnnOye9hbb YCu2pdzhjYUlIMT+X4/OlGhboY8/KsKwjGMZyO3iX9ZGuK+S9kDUJhiQ7jzt+yxOFW3G4KfCxyQp LryONmQkkc2E85GTh6FIU4eVMnCEJMHz58ma0mK7xMlyaDIzG50i1fw/FgdgwZN1NyFl0lSxhz51 Q4xGVtqW/BnRq0nge7G+xuQyfw5A46bb6MPQpOWnlYWhJiRPnz9ay6PWGJTac6z6uR9CrvEMzjTK i8uKRq5rnJ+STbGsq34MgrNr8x8QTNlEaUnOBY8hxtCIVRxXHMOSGkopJskqIQVTuPCCZ+Naiw3P YxctZthGoGmuTVmnVfPkU1/LspyyKCEMa6iU1s5IcNhthY8STM8zzW3DWRHiSXl+Gca8smrfDJUg oPmDFMpwlKYWk+d/PfXik3sWGRTIkiRgurFra3llZSpoMK4suFQfa0KvjzZCNi+Mpx0rEZRNkTAg yDi96mAsOJThzpuJUdQGvepJKvp+FOHCExpHn+nKa8VW+ekyX7boqfENV73J6yC5MmY/Cs2pUhTj wHnbBtpE+V84UhqLXOqCEqyJLYiCIQtqhvC0jXz55087gzpTOanAYDqfe6h08O+roVnDq5LNhDsZ TOSNzEhWUSasYq90O0HTJUbkPfnW2iZRomXWGXHFbHlzbBswKrHbMtKyrMmuHzPW5jH4+SSV07zj NXqm7voMWLANH3rOZWUMO38yEBIRk441YsMCg97yKhkqOKbbauIwxst9NOo/pU1Nn0iMhO8fOK4l rdXjkmz09rIWB5Tez7Zs37UaWSlmmNxkyAKFSJW4/wDCTGW4rhR3khOAy2feIvdkc202hWY7K6nB w358/Wln0uzez1Jw2FmEzBrPB486VKGuiv2rFi9YxW3FZblCTI8NK8TbqJHJFeEABSUTcVEZumiD k7Kr7xKgvok8qc74d2hFhvP324XnEVj7R2xbdLuVdW1wy5zEyTU4ohxYdUwQ8i4NTFmypchwDVBl S2WFFUE0W/wu3yJzHnWwwCxU0krXuamo8XXann26nZVlFBo8gy9xGB3tRqlpuy4Iq3YZFTSPimYK 88IKy2UkwUJVQUKSCkqiiiVqoSIrQLTmBT2184unuomJ6uYLi+puClJHFLqP8VHYfTiRXmKq29Bl CvqEqK4ix3W14VHGiVeeUVcVd2pQrWvMLuwNscpFdf028ZNMRFVHhF5X26bSNaUlUGa5PKcBwfN6 zL6bMMYq8lqMgpUx27iy/MVuzrEddeSK52EnAI7IddQh4MTJCEhIQIZaLrJzqQm5UIgxFc/Z6MaS 3UvMJ9vp/TWEu+ZeZtTWTNb88XXY7z3lIEgRjG67AhOuORkZdeOOyrrhq2hdd+8neaUMQcGgO1eJ Ojun9jnubalXtC3k+VXTMZhwrF956NHbarHa7tCKp+QRuR5MkDedbceRH30BwRcUOj7xACRXP0iv KEjlWlXbfoH8C3W/uXVD8AZ0ywVuTbWryvvSWYseR8QZyyOSDsetrWTaeI2CGKCeVwigR97KdRyr pxJzefPk10F5o7pZkS2K22FxZDkp2Q688xYT4jqk+9ZOv8OR5Dbgg6V9ceY2BADgTXwMCA+wW14m 65vTaMSdB38+RWbP0u03s6uTSzcGxx2nc83mGIOgyPmVI1BIIgY9qfZ7TENBTgUaaFEESRSVbF4W xCewp95n6UpFwswqdfzn561ps50cw7NKWfXNMfkxbuvOSWbSM18Q7GdcuW7p5ex4iRUdsGkkEQqD gKSo0bSInTgxMjU9w/l/rTzN0UGfO0fKtzpfpzjmkGm+DaWYgs5cXx+uStgrJIVeJvzHHVJzsRA7 lN5xV7UQfX0RPbppx7OZqLdvFwlR513fUQ0yKrz9PVV49kTlV9+E/WvC8f8A006cR6pFdiRlrq9p ejL+8DxA9B9LK5pyXpZorewNY9TZrDo+VFumWHhxiiVURf4S6+8/autLz2sQ2+7sJxvsv8Jt4Gc1 ruHMOLScx8+fxr7LWWib5RV5ThE55VVXj6r+PV5Wpq/0UV8mfilV9nhXirfG3EUo+Oaibf61KGc4 KiL83G7yeU+KJKnBuDGyWNKURVVFtsiVE5DuqsXbKmx41nuJEq6JKk8lD61FVkWhGZFq9W6px2qu 9iQ9XpGXHQGlLXvBHWoZiQrUblIyzkSLJBxx2tdfIH2kc7BTtFl6tS/lEd3nu9tVz98hbWRR1jz3 e2kNc0l3Wz9Ls7xvLafVW3iTq6UjNBD1TZgT5FnIxF2J5w2ci5lqMBq5d89xtyYDb3mBK+DQO6IM trELVt5Cuxwq94HcOzffvpwra+8yDr4eHd2f1paZWnet9XkEGRV1+W2tUxZSX6OJR6gt45DrZ5Tq viVaoBKsqE5BYlxVjKxLcEUfBYzfnfENsZmVo6NHJCvmo/X86gNrZzqyn4eP5dnjyrG0E0510qct xu81UiXQ09fPfnx27TJW7WREOTiAw5qNiVpZuIDtkikK+aouhw6jEYVVkOtrShtSUH/2T3fvAbU5 iD7YBKTr+Y7vPfWuttJNW5Cy/wBzbTDEtJNTqyXqTYw9QTsadJFw/Znd/ZkZoobj0xwXHrKBLdKc jYslCYLtIhDtZQ+kMyo6dGnT3Uu8vkgoJMzH0/Me2vdJp3uEis0fxX7s13SJYWcmor29RGqmXj8o 5dO5FmWchLO0OXAFpm7RYpyLNzh4myjqjzfkKWtsrJ8+fYKRcOMlajIk+3t7vDkNt+3W4VozuJtK Nqh1OzXVkmH5QvXT0DNna92XNHH7oDkwn4lvIebiPWD1GaRUKICqw2aQozQPIUpT1snVVdK2JJT5 27uye3xNWJGjmvQv6gZNCdz8csLHjuIrkTU9yDBv8nkUmJwnHTBicIIrJwskUVdSOwp+UQuCJMug gXVnppTinGdIOg+Un8q3eIaW6y10+mu8ro724j1lzISPGfyiMVkVA1lUqwixFkvWM447ownW20Q5 cg2DJP4Qah3dOPX9si2vU7aIrinWSkgeTHgPkK4vSvTHdFSZdpFOv6vWCihtX+P22RDN1VSyhV0Z 21QrmshNJkDzqwYta03HBX2Z8mWaSHuYRonPenYIOU6UpamYMEH2fHbt7IjvrXYpojuHxXSKnxGj q9QcZlxqZ6vrolXqPEiyKrImscoodfbzpwTFSZXMTYNySxVJ8hbdbT4RxFAWkOuMr9Y6Ulx1gkqM Qfx290fjTtNPdOdRavU2/u7e6zm3r7oMnjyYUzKXpsNt88nAqX4GvNwxhilWchERhBUEMW3E8xW0 UvVoU1kRVXclOWG99Plr8fyqev8AsfuqnTttO5/WkTgv4fqduBy/MMXfjJ+amVEZiBRNSQXhBNt8 6CQ+BByKg4PCrwvVvbJIbSD2CvQbMEMpzbwPlU8vT1SKOiimJeINsjw7floZJ0ju8oudNM8rp0fJ 8CzatjNyZmC5NF7liWTLJ8C8Kd7jL0ciEX47z7XcKmJgKQFJINJWhKkkKr5T6u41Kw7U7Idsu53C IWj+7uijrLssejuk5WZhXJz25Fi0k0RZ9Q92mStpzJhmDrUgAVvlcvfWAQCobV5/iWCutLzp1TXe IqEiKKoqL6oqfXqokDeqZ1WWvYd3eHYZNlynBIv6K/f08nbSpDapSDTZ9TdtNFqa3qOEy4gVDuSy pbr0pikaemRmH8MPGgYR5xzkhHzVldnPaQmTKoncbiTLd/Jt51mrC3vQ2mD2R8Zrs8J0xu8U1XY1 fnZBg825l2F7Y38Crxk6+E+c1ujAPgBWS6sNAXG4huE4T/xCyHlFAJG06ccusySnzz/GurvWy2G4 0ER7J/Gm/Um0jO8dLGe3WnT+zWiqp1bWMWGDPOQRV7FXMd5k1q2vwTqo0YyDM2zkPH+aI/hxabUN 0FpUFCM0fDbXz21LXjSFHNHmZ7PO+9Xsc2Vs4tRXWCQdRaWZg5TSlQHpWIB+UUVWKKfTRAfsG5LY OqrNm85KNGW3ZToLwTSPOmvWb+FBZGoKv+6J+Qjspo4ohS+kI127twfpXV5htRi5EmXQ6LJMKx6D eU9ljEyBJw9qVHi1c+io6iQ5FaCSwLc4Uxpp1p8uWU88RNsxabcKQi9QtwqI1UAD7DmFN/fkFQVG o/En610E/bVUSr1/I497UQLlyY5P+OKhByYDrmdsZX3lJUxNxwRitwlNVVS581eEFWkgXlwSMqdo j4RSk4iobdn0jz7q3uiel8zAbPWPIbiE/SuXuTS1oKp6Sw+5juNNyZL8aADjCIKMlLsLqejXcXlj NZbX52Ohd0koAHIVDxC5RAy7/Xz+VL9GjuynW2I7Lkh8l4EB9VL7+E9PZPVV9UREVVTjkhhtJmct Q5WodWsDb7tryTxUcoutHtMLqwqtlUOYlXq1qfXuqLWStAq/EYljL6cJJefElCZYgqsxmXDZbJwn eCvcOw1U53OVavBsGX/avbjUCvs8xLEsW0/x2hxLEKWuxjFqqvjVVZXQ2hZi10KO2jbMdhoeBbab ARARFEREROr+DG9afP3V06OCqIoopIv1T16QlGURSwSaqpov8U/5ulUEGuB1L010+1ewfLNNtUcW ps20+va5+ouqe0YF6HaQngUHGH2j+UwISVFT9vuiKgRNdiRXyW7ovDU1v2JSK++0twXNd6ex+hsG L2jjR2PtXUHRF1pHAZ8tlSB3IaqKDhCw82q2cRo1FEeBrvWrvsMz9ZOhqlvMHBlTZgnz55U1XTqR oPrFT2WrOlzOmeotbaWjFxZ3Veyjjr1oMR2G27ZCotvR5yRpD0ZUfaaeFHDEkRe7iju0XChld5dm lZO5tnmlp6TltWFlmke3iDST8jzDSvTN6jh1IQX3naMpCBCGEtYDIx2BInCKIXwSI02TrjKiyncP aKRre8WkdAg6n60yLx9TqRPn+utcTjkDZ+mUULWM4JgDGYWHxVe0H5JWaTIpo5NrXWbHz46fZ7iu RbKEKTljOCXmttkJdyHObFwlMTUm5ceI6x08/wBdK6zK9RtuGGWWVYRmFvhlHLcYhzbqI9Vyzjvf CQ2XYrTzwMGwc0YkOITMBHFlq2LPlsrx69aLzgObltUZpl4wtM61qmst2p3OWOxXkwt7K9RG5NLZ lKxmx823bl2BVcuHZicbiEr0xpIjzMnyDfkoLboecYKXGGHVpTrBnT2An208tFzkIT+7BHvG3s1+ VJi9rftQyrHK3JWtPWMqnQql/Oyq3sXkxZNQH2RIuEcdSSy3HOS6zjzLgso44qKy092ALSPdSEWN ytwKCtSCredB/XSnjZ3IUoA6ZgPZr5nxFKk5c7WMkq8vt3KvTW0q5ddfNXxzsaeYefhuWFfIs25z EmO2+guS59RKNHRTvWVGfBFFBcSMhpYITP8AB/3mE0z0F2dMx87VTDtSdt8G9oMVxwa3D8nWfcY5 BivUVjHcjvrcSwebffdYJtkps+qmPN/FOI7LcjueWpm2YDy7ZfUNdqU9hz/rKVPj4fh7qz8fxfbZ r1WJrXR6e4DqDByWvkxVvbPGpDLtxCdbFhzuanstGTTjLDDSOq0hutsMmjhCDSg0l1bKeimmk3Lz JyhW3KtnlWLbddMcWpM7z+i0g07wXGZT0uBc3aBHiVkp2Skt1UfdPufedkA3IUD89x19ttxRJxO/ qRbLeOrdOpXdPTl591OB2pbKdxe/qrx6BprSZ5sq2NHHRt7UGXXFT5jl9aXcax8QqJAeZWxnkcJf tmYPmL5glGZ9FMrRrDwTnc3+FaCwwaCHHtVV9Z+3DQLR3a3o3gG37QDAKPS/SHF64a+lo65C8qI1 3EREZucuvPOGTjrj7qk686bjjhEZKq2oFaSREUtTkZoiN41Lu4XheeOz045Rfp6c+v4/q66KBXzk eIP4YWo2Oak5xvN2G4vHyq/yeYNnqzosMluBFziX2IBZDj0h3tYr8i7BBH23OGLEBTzFCQAuOwr2 0Q5vvVXimFt3I13G1ROaaarYNq5Cu38MsZzd5TO/CZJjtvCcq77EZiEoHDuaqRxJgviYOD84q2Sh 8jjiKPdnLizUk61iL6weZcykaUoi8eqovp1BS4nNl51AdUMsDejj709OuraCt6S2ifWo6REaVI6Q jSq+n49FHSGj+froNc6Q1TpSlzXM1HSQqAB3z7QIruejpKxmTlO0k+/ekL6wij9n4ddQlQ9WkBaE 71ejsuyHvJYZdkO9qmjYCqkSInK+yLwnp78cJ7r6c9LShSj1aW0lThhNcbo7R6473c9sNG9iEemu RhWA1eYa0WsH4zCdNuEQnkjL3C3kN0AoBNwIplHBwmVkuo2JJ1cWeGGCXa1GG4FJzu+yvrR2WbMd G9i+hdDoho/GvZ8QZb93kGQ3Uj4q6zW+kqhS7m3lqiFJnPkIqRr6AANtNoDbQAOhaASIFa1CMogU 7jvT8enKVrVVRDFUXntVOOiu1GN4o+xW23m6E0cvSe4xrEd2Wntt+WGlWRXEfzIbFsLJsv1s9Q4c +zrGM47DfQF+TzGnkEyjgKtuthQymm3WQ4kpO1fM5p1qTEzxvK6iwxe80w1TxWclNnGBXJIFtgNo iLxElgvAuMH5aHHlNoTEhpWnBLvIm0yeIW60GE15vilitpyDtSgCRCvcKq2SLzyn0Llfm9fr6l6/ RFVPbjiE4CoyoVDL6VLzpOtU5H50IAMSFAIS5JCHjjtXleePpx7cLx7cInAqFFQ5iPZSEIgk9te1 dcJeTcMz57u5V9efT/nRV/WRf4S9JG8/8uT2TNKcGbevCryiJxwiCgevr8qJwievpxwiJ+zpWY5C jkRl9ldd65BVyqpl5iqpoJqqcL3evcn4ovov6/dPpx02UyoqmkqTJmaoq8oiKIdvCjx2pwiKvKog +yJz68InH7FVFeDlAT317V1wl7yccJzlV71NVLlfdeV9eV9eS9159VX0670usxXYqimSqJKR9yeq Lz6ovrwv609E/UIp7Jx026QtLiSNHIn2bRRFUQlHnhVRF454Xju49ueOPbgf5k/HkX1jXCO+vQuK hD5ioQeiF3ccKPKL83Poo+iJ2r8v4dNFhRGhpClIIgb1wlPhmqG7nWY9jm2SwkVmpMyM25qVmjAk 5E0Rxt4O1yXKdT5Su5TTjzUCvQ0cUzckOoy20iroMKw8QFGtTgOHFfWWOr86+zrQ3Q/TTbpo/pfo Vo9jzWH6XYfSQ8foaxo1JI0KO0LbaG4XJuuL295umqm4ZEZKSkq9aQCtpEaUrvRRR0UUcJ78evRR TPt32x7bvvh04i6a7hdO4uXQoMtLOht4812vusTshJCbn1FnHUZEKSBCC9zZIhoKA4LgKQrwoBEG uEBQgjSvnZ1x8NnxEdqjz1hgcJrxIdDgfVWnY0mFj+p1PF/OL/DGXVaq8gJsEbHzmjhyXT5JWyUl VKm5wlCvV0qgvcCbX6mlMRrdy2iz2av6W5dl8nRPWZlGfisG1Nrn8OyKMToIQD8FZiz56khJwsc3 UP1UVJPm6q14c6kbaVQuYO+gerpTgZFfYxWxflwbCKyqqCOONEAqvsooS+i/cqIv4dQVyKqXEToa wvkTkhJvvFV9EVO4VRPfj3+vHSAo030Ir1yqKg8kHHyoPCjx+CJ+xP5ukuO69XamoRVUEu3jtPs9 vb5U/wCbpa0pUZFdhNW1cFOG1cFFVeEBSTlVX7h9+V9Pp6+nSCnLqneupSCervVm/kwcUpZ2TZhP qcMxiOCuyrS8kt1sGM2i+puypKgyAJz6kpdqc+/r0ttC16AU4y24s5UjWkFq9x1PqRU5dM2raV66 b4JlC2+domk2OPWNRWE2z5xBJvXkCuZd7e1UFk5LqqQELLienVwxhSjBIq4Y4dfUoZxA8a0NNkG1 jPrZYO8jcLbbu4QttOvbaNnUadkkWYy8K+W1mGbKUZqQKAZIcAJEBjzGF587tMCskMNMaqNapq0Y twCqpQWPFc3wxcOxzA9r+yDZtsi04pwZr6mvzbJHMkKtrm0VBZj0OMhGhxgQfLEWvjhVrtLkF+iX cXbT6utR3+IGUDqa/D503W63E+J3nkyXI1A8TXO8aqZEg5DlRphpbjuOsx0VeUaYnzQsJagPoKK5 yX3qXUA4x2Dz8KqVcUuH9z40ldlj2tuSWL1lmPiDeJzlThl3+T+7ZMpmBXj/ABVMxBDj8EFE/X79 MLxdydKYXxJcEyABXv8AI7LVbFv+2t8RkC/jH/bLZopfs/h3H+brgxh2uHiK47q90VRr7iU5JuGe Ir4m+OIncvkSdYDv2y5ThPluok1E4+5ET6eqe/SxjK66OInwdh59tK5jG6HxStO7SonYl4jKak1E Jzluk1W0gpbZiUH1CRZ1DlfNJOUFeQES9Pf0Tl5rGyfXFTmeIx++PPxpv2t+VWeuOeQdXdyHh3YD b66uobFprVtJ1LdwfOSYUxUnXaK5EWLY/KabT4WVKmoatCKqgLwMxOJsL6qqnpxi1dGVZ+FIdArb /X6vs9u+mO9PRjULULIYX5rTTXvH5OiWqZEcloo8GBNFmZQX0lwo4tErbBNyRccFwiaQh6UnD2So OI3GtPJwxkqDjfL21tJuzvXPQ+904f1j2DeJBpg/i98/expGL4xjWcU0R6VYybM22puLx1mRIjsi cbT0KDHZjuMNNMvCvHehdsOkEIg1CxDDHlA5IM9/4+RSR55rfskscmzvHc93U5voXaW9hEtLjEcg i2GJqV3EisRYtg/Hsazz1NkYcdwWXXFiq9HadNgy5XqrYZuEZgpNVLVhdIATkBjz550oOMaq7KRt 5mVpvX0LybILC2rb+3n2upWNRHLiwiZKuRC++xywDauTDVs22gbBGAEGxBUQ+nGkvAAlOoP0Irri LxKDlRvp8h8vjXEDO2I02ncjTmz3waSW+NF8SiOnqrir8hlt3GZOOdojHRB/NwJbvaXYRk82wRq4 nchPouLlCgpKdQkp9hiflTzj94VGG9CoHY7TM1xmTatbIM3kWlEO+jMdQNScgWbEvJOIMt3t3lMa UlS2cL4SDTOMC0LWPVbY/CNMu+kjucJHl7UNtu5s+SfV3/5DI+JoYTez/Z6ePj+NOgodBtbdRsyz KZolsq8T3VYbzIwyCfBtMNr8IxiznBZ2FrDB6zyNmJKZjw5VrKdAwbJDQWAeJzykQpjLLpELA99S v0ZcO6uQOXs9mnnSn8YD4XniKydJaWbq1qttK8OvSiixqBDctLGeuoWU1cSFFSOhTJL6V1Ew6jUZ juNPiWuSMh8rsQSUcObJzLqUzw4z0nSqMmZ7q6LSHOv7Hc2k6s0+WXu6ljxF92lX5Z1OUz3ZurN1 AUnEfQ6iFSxHautRpS/ThMtmPaiGan3d0xCUIEDSroNNtiBoKfFZ+P5pbKlWbOnewDxNdRI7S9sW wPAqyhhy1RV9f7rWcaSA8evcTCeip6fc2u/YGhOtRF4pbpMFX1+VJLP8eLco/YON4z4Surj9Uvq0 5c60YbVyOPvcYKQ52ftJemv0mz/F8DTRxi1Trm+BrEj+PNuejSEK38JnUz7P7kRw67XDDJrg/wDc ti8Kl/Onr0DEme34Gj9N2s+t8D+FK9E8f3TqC1ALUbw8PEwwiKp8S7KHh1LfwYqc8c91bavPuj68 fm2CX1T06e+8tHnUhvE2D6qqbpuX3S/2P9v6zqim6ya/f2qG62C0VdSZ9bwLfSvNKZtQLtFLWziM syYiITieRMR+LyZIrfJqhOAoVtr8afIQ4CDrSF5RsF39YLhtbqZt1zHbr4rOhE1pmRU2+L3cPD8w lxHCJUeAxN6gsxEe38405EJxUIkAzcVRrXsKbUJRvVNc8PtK1ToaZXm24/BNG5cCp3M4hrfs0u5U lyJHjat4NOoI8p4UQlGPaNBIrX+RJDTy5RcCvJdvCola5hrqeVUr+B3A0SJHjSr4Vm2C6lwHLXTL P9PdTaoCQDlY1kEK2ZAlTlBJyI64gF/vS4L8PReK9y1cTuKqHLVxBhQiuzdq7SOndIqrSMPHcquR jFET71VU9E6Yymo5Na0nmA9TkRhTnj1cFPX9q9EGuTV5oDkEIx23ZBLxwjY9yr+rjruQ12titLcj z5lRaRxRFJSeYJsUT25VSRE46WGVHYUtLaleqKbVm27bavprLOuzTcdopXX4O+QlTDv2baz8/nhG fgK5ZEkXV+gG2nPIoiKq8dPJw95XqpqYnCrlY6ia792duLvaF7MMO2o51pvpNHkA1Y6n7gbOLpLh NMy4SCMpwrTus32VJeO1mGJKqJ29yEipcWmFrA69W9tw2Tq9pXJ4Fb+G5l5ZA7vL3tak+I9Or+HZ OjO13T3IXMCaeA+34exs4jZv3Xe4IqBTZ7McxT5miDy1SchhloztV6zZsW+u1SxV3jVWGAYtiOn2 1Lwe9x+IaZVcMIVdUZLe4Zp3BpmB57WIkIZsgG2k+VEEEFPVeB9PVTl+ynRSqUvGrZGmb4GtSfjT +IHdvmtXsA2v6fw0Je1rINeZM19U+4vs6mdBFT68Eqfd1G/SjE71GPENv2n3Ved8YbxEG0Q29pmx qUX1ANYciH/9/H0TpX6WY7fnR+sNv3+6rsHxxt7tWhxsl8MDAcr9fkkYluHqRQvw8q1hRC9fZERV XpwYoz2/CnE49bHdXwNLxiHj5adI9SQdcdiviDaIK98s22jYfBy6phn9BF6jmyZbqLwvzjE4Tj14 5Tl5u/ZUYCqktYmw4YQr6fOkS131D8GrxaM4xy/0c306c7cN/wDURPyexXKe4cdy0SdPuGktKC5C Mt5BR5tCKteAyBVNWjYJ1TJwtpUNdqkvWzbyYUJFR965YFuw2TfaDm9PQiaOmEICkfu0aUwpd/hb sUU5+ItIIidlRKIKPf5rb0QS5QJCiidVN1hhIPR1lL3h3KJZ1rAwbMcQ1UxxjMdLsuxXUzEXEXss 8csmrOMipwqiRMKStGiEPc2aCYKvBCi+nVE5aOIMLGtZ1dq6gEuCK6EeDTuFeU54/b/zft6bKCKY bWFbVVRUeOfr7enSYNOFNeekzRlo66NaMteu1eEL6ff12DRl0mqttOuugwy0888Sp2gAKRF+oU9f 83XE66immnAv1aSnU3XXR7Reypse1O1DpMbzCzNpmpxtnzZ+QXTzrnltNQqaKDsx4nD5BCRrtUk7 e7u9OpjGHur6yRpVixhj7hlI0p3GgPh9b895MutmX+PZV4dG3J9wfjLvIWY0jVDIYvIKQ1dV+eh4 93gL7fxU3zpbakhBHT0XrQ21gB69aez4dbRCnNT2V9Me1PaToPsu0jr9FNvWAQcGwxqU9YzDV05M ++sXlRX7GymuqT0ya6qD3vukRKggKdogIjZJSK0JTlTCacuicIn066a6Ntar0V2jooo6KKOiirTj QuKnd6p933p93RRSSaw7f9ENwuLuYRrzpFpprThpI5zV5XRxrWMimKiSi3IA0FVReOR4X29fTrmY bVyKilzX+x+vDssZEu00Xpdfdnt5IllLff0i1Ousfi/N+k01Vq+9XsNKvKqDUcEVSJfqvSFsIVqo TTDlu2v1hNIJf+A7qZDiPQtLfFK3PUiNPeZGLNMFxLJ0Rvj9B134GNIc9+O7zRXhET6c9MGyb7KY OFskerXJwvBE3tw21ad8TXQS2JE9HZO2UPM7fpz5WRAK/rQU6a+4s9lNfoVjsrFk+BrvLsZTKzvF F00pa/8A+ETHttkFiUf/AHLsy5lgP7W16Wmya7KP0Ix2Uqdf4CkKzHzNUPEk3+ZIwLKALGJ2FBhT akv6Rk5VVoOqi+vCIfKJ6KpdOC0aGsU4nCWQcwTSQ7kdp/go+F1X4VkGX7TC3Zbp8jNIeA4llNjP 1AyvL7KOveT0Rq5fkR62M0XY5JsO1iMyiJ3KRo20SwUJE8qkw2ykk6AVHVrHe7g95UCBW7uMyrsS 0KjNKxTbfNLpztTgdNCQkRqPby2EZk5E6Agz3CqswBcAvKYIVVCqbjF07IrLXuPk6NVucdpaPEMc rsOxCgx/D8Ohj2Q6eohNQYEUfThAjMoIInKCq8oqqQoqqv0pVXCnNVVm3L9wn9oa2naqiRCBeUHA qqJygJ7Iir/MnSDtXArNrVOF+5emKRQgkvsJL+pOiaKonzKIjyRKvCInuq/h0TRVVRRVRISEkXhU VOFReiijtX7l6KKFTkCEhQgJOCRURUJPuVFT1T/N6dIKFkymuhwJrnc3w3DtUsYfwjU/DsY1Kwx0 u8qq/rwsYol/httOoXluevPmN9rnKJwSeqLLauXEjQ06m/eb6wO1dlt83E7zNhaR2dsuaWG4/QFh xCkaKalZI9JfhR+zhG8TyqQTkiAadjKDCsFkRl5cRCZJe5bq1xSB+1rT4bj+fR2vp12h71tuW/rS ufm2jdvY2UaPKKnyzFMmrig3uHWiD+dq7uqf5OLJBUJO1UJtztU2zcDglvEqSoZhtWpSQoSNqUm3 2gbVL+a7aXu2nb7c2TiorkiVhNU845+szYVV/n66kDlREDQUzbe1tA0Dwjb7kesWku2rRCs1C05n 1+pNeNThdczIns1UgZU6CKNNArnxUAbCKgKScq+icovr12Aa6CeynJ637xNp20LQmo1t1T1RwbT7 ReSMUaCTXj5y5AckEOLHqYUUSdnyHhMSBiM24RDyfCCiknNBtQUhAqALWbxYN+m42xdb254FQ7BN Ge1Si5NnlWxkeo9izwCo6xj5GtbSKq+YHE9yS6hI2pMpyQDCfxFtBjnVNcY20g5QZPnz9aj0vtr2 FZ/ZtZ9uPmav7wswVwzbv9Yshl5Kw2Zqql8JXudlVEFPk7BZjITYmYofC8JRXGJOK9U6VnbrGHF6 JMClupzYx6qax/G2YGM473KTdbUMNwIaEvuox2EFvlfqvbyv39RDcr3NUrwUvXPVwWm3/MPsCSo8 EfI9/l8e5d3r9eEXnlUUuP4qr1ySdTSUu5QEztVsFE+wWxRxFNE4FU5XleET7vVVRE9vUkT6oi8p xDk1lGzIBwmH0MZYovcJASEKJ7qor6px6qqKiEiIiccmiITS5B2okQZUDypUqtmV7S+rTrzRtqvo qEiGqJz9U9F+i9Ny5SVFaTpvVqfKK2qpGP25s3lI8iI9AsBSXEfT34cjPdzRp7fpCvt79dQ64k0h N29Mg03djbLpFjt/JzjRhnNNq+pcgk/9lOjmSScNsCP51QnW4RJClL+dd5SRHc5FwxRQQl6sRiLj aZJ0q0Yx55swo6VIZpN4nPiCaDd1LrbQ4n4lmhxg5FnlXV0HFtRIrDji9xJCAkpLsRb5b8gUhOuK SJy4vPfZ22LNqHX0rR2uPNKHX0pS8b0I8HLxdtddDC0c2ybZ8kwqgpbvKdTUj4M1jmU1NiH9yK7H bpqOkedBeR6bZzCBwU7lrIrjThNqhlaAhWvKrsFKh3Gnl2/9j2eG/wDBsxdPaXdLoy82CgL+Ma6Z g2aJ9OElWEgE49kRB4/DpKrdsmYHuptdo0dwPcK4hr+x8NBoqODD3weKzDZL+IGvExU4+75o6qv7 eki1b/hFJ+6M/wAI9wrLrP7Ho2ofFi9me5XxJtTIPchHCu9ebfyHE+5UjeQXH6iTrv3dHZXPuTP8 I9wpMdyPhteAPsAx6NrhuY0FxGwYfd+zKOBnWVZJnU3I7E+EGHU0djNmLNmGp/osMqQpyREAipI6 AhIp8IaQnaKj9PdZrvNWRS7Gtsm3vwdtCChjAamVuEU9hqbawUMXEV2M0CVVI2aEiKy+U6QDnz9o qq9la7iTadE6mqa6xxlGiDJpr67YtI7rJY2eawQMv3SasNNgC5brFeScztEVOCRWhsVOJGRPlREj x2k4AE9e0VSku799XqHSszeYxcL9Q+6nEJNlJCh1ovuN1sZvyY0Zv82zGD6i20PAAP4CiIiKqIic rzBlyoK75xYrFbQWk+RpsF9uQFBXj9fv/OvSVFX71R05tzR6/r6TXaOiiq8+n3j9U+/p5O1PI2qg oImjjaKyf+EC9i/sUeOP/R0sT+7SHkFQ0MVoc5xLD9Uqlqg1UwrCtUqFv5W4WTVEe0ZYHlC7WhkA flpyiL8vHPHrz0hV643tTjDq29QvWuc0ioNXtrE+vstku57WrbDDj9qJhr9g5luCTA7wImix21dN YvcLaN98GTGMQ9G/LROOrK2xZaTDlWVhxLcjR5OlXcImeHvlFisDxXNrDG37XG6tpL57rNKspsKq jt7OR5bQnYS6z4SRjwgvwwtRZ7D9cBNE4bxOE4ZXlvdtPDStXbYkzcjLz7D51qVG38DbUtmNS2O3 TxO9W/yXcFJTMfVfBqXUIJcVwEUOLKOVdPe9V7gdOS4PYvHC/pdcXh7atYrjuCsLERA7qbpbeFd4 vdA/aJX3fhjaq1jBEsZ9ydl2NTZrf07mkCbHZL8EUk/Hpg4WgVB/VhjkTXGhsd8WGMTzM3Zltps1 Auz4iDuD8llz8RF6hM0T7kXhem/0UnefPvqMrhJskwo1djbCPFuvZowa/azs6wTu7eJeQ65zJ7Io q8f3uDSg4q/q466MLSOdON8KtJOqiaVPEPCJ8UvKbKVG1G3A+HpoTj4tL5crE8MyTM5ZOevHLVlN gNDx7dyKv39v06cThje5p9PDNuDJmnN4N4BWKXiU7m6PfPvA19isK2U6ixqfC08x+4HlScbkRqNp qY6yXyoIuSycAUXhxVXnp9u0bGwq0bw9hGoSKlO2vbAdmOy6EcbbDtw0t0gnusLHl3FfXI9dWgKq Kvxtu+rk2WSqncpvPGRL6qqr69TIA0qVlG4p3jLINkvYp+pKS8r9einJ0rL6K5R0UUdFFHRRR0UU dFFHRRR1zKN6KOET2TjrtEVThPX0T16KKp2j6L2jynt6dcyiuzVe0fX0Troommy7xdz+nOzLbBrZ ug1RGa/hWFUL9zIhxB5kWrwqgR4Efn5fPkvuMRm+5UHveHlURFVCRzrmaNTXx84tVak5Pm+om5Hc pZpkm6/PuHcrlkROs4pX+YrsfE6oV9WKqAJgCgPrJlNm+6ZKo9uWv7jOvKNqw2M3vSKyg6UoRL3K qrz78+q88Lxx+rn9XVQpOtUGUA6UIhLz2pyvXZNLSkEyaZhqZKy6t1Kyl1yr1luswXI8ZTCYtZYZ HFrX6FWInxIwFq2H60p/xrk5JI2wdhRjDkgbFperNBGX57fXu7K0LIbU0QANQez2b6+6runWVbk3 sh07nZpbWl7Qz5OOFaVKaeRoYCFkzfnLZGS02DgjDKqqRQyJo++cYvl2myLUv7k2pRTtBI9yM/5V XLbaSk5dYSFTPa50f5+6OdId+6RuRz3TPOvtGr1U+1gpJkupkxsbmU0+PIlYTayHGFCLCiNq5HsW 4LIggyVYfcFpJUlzsdSZh1k3nQowZST2ifPkVYrbZQ7ljYx8R3nlry8N6eprXkUG+hMz8dl5/P0z iakP1GauYgFgNk3VRpE+PJBoYKJN+FbnhXjIKH+dKOLqN8B39UdvlDrZOxCvpFQrcJJiBMee7302 bBs+16r5dVSxaTLqegbummMfhS6W6u4udedkDLMyKtxbRW7Gor40E5T7EiUrBB2OOea/HFtnp+5S lRMD5dn41KNqgkz9Ozu76pE1p1wjRKo8vya1xemmfAO5FbuaUqM3Dbc4V7Ik0sCtca/uswLlfUAU kG5JtNyD5kfMj0eQiwtlPMSrQnt3059vhpQw03EkD3+H5/hXNBq3umXBcWy/Ga2U7NyOHHyH46bj kyXEm2TmKYg8xWsR2oU1WIT8iXeOILCRxF5pztltKDoucU2z0SYPNf8A5ePLYfKlm3ZIII28J3Ph rt+FSXzmmmp86O0iC2DxoI9yqoDyqjzz6pynHCqic/RPp1VE6VmUKJkVjKqlzyvPPPPP159+f19M E0sGNqT6w1G1D2lanVG/PQiG/O1Jw2Cg5zjrCkjequDsgpzKiSIqiHPitA5Lr5KopNOMKyXmNOiA 3GFXJScqjpWnwTEMsNrOlfatpFqXhOs+menur2muQtZfpzlVJDyOgtWxMQsK6WyMiO8gmiEPc26C 8EiKnsqIqKiaNaZgitiDzFNu367zNO9iWgGQa557V2+YWLkqJjuI4lXuCk3OckmGrcGmhiSL+dfN C7jUSRtoHXVRUbXpa1ADWkqXlEnavkF0v0qyuBLwfULXjMC1U1zpKYccxtxySUmr0tpQRAax/FwN fzcdllG2DsC7pcxWVI3ERe1zM3WIdKIRpWFxjGSvqo0FOAgGw1MgFKRFhA+0ToKicK33cF6L6EvH KIi/Tu+9eqcW6grtqmSsn1qjWn6e64403XXWm2jlvC3ARo+TDlOayqpDk5A9I8025sG6cshjzvNa KC3HqJUR0WX2BJUiowHdedIkojlV6h1tQyn1eyfpHx+dKoY7m3MiCDQLuOcxULWQGGHaw65ydPb+ 3oQgmcirYEEUqxLBQVAB5UQVX+FeUiMAI7vPZUZAZDkQO/47e3zFJHpznermrdma4flWS6oZVjrd VePpbO1r9NU5ITGYxCSC7EXgKxDSmaRmQXc2CgpD/fFSUVNtoBUP3VfIVYPIZSjVIHkUuOKu7mIu geo0QzzW61ellGqcSlZDDVmZVSJkKCxKmy1Im3ChQZD9jKFSBC7G1BoDb+HUol6hCnTl0A3jw2qq KWulB0y8/j2c9h86SvFcB15xDK8I0lew3VOLo5hecYX+RB4g4kvGJtE1kI2T6XUud/DlZr4YxoYK 6AuqUMSBHVNzusbFxooUSATHdv57KsbtxpQBED51zGB6Y626cQHGtP8AT3U3DG7BKRnLLWbSswMm bZG5cOcyzNrn3mslkCw7JdG7aisTPJJU5cceRtuK0tPR5VmT57dvCnblVso9ZU+3zHhtSu1FNu0e q6fJLnLdWWcnarKyC/UR62o+CkE5i9ocuc/BcVAKclr9jCgrLBkHkUEVQec47aKYSQFxEOe+Bk13 1P5VGm3AhuCNe3tH0muMs5G9JzAsbj1Yay11xGlZODtgURJtpZuC1XHTyJsR8Gnmqtxx21FxiaqN oTfa7JNlGSVglguDXTo0/wA+Yz/2x30fsMxJiNPPj5FP0rmX/wC7Tck8qlc3FioLb+WpI0UlztCK ooPdXiPAx1MfM8gQVxSJVXqveSAdBVDdonRPwrkbTGMvpNTsZ3Lbf9QXNEd2FDFKHUZrHAnYl3AU 2zKlyWKHCWtQ8oIitF3PsG227HITER6mWN0powo6GrPCsQWxAUZFfVF4de+Wk3z6DSM/scTl6Tax 43bPYhqRhEx5HXsQyOOAk8wD6fLJhvNuMyo0sFUHo8hovlLvAdWhYUJFb5tYUAoU/wB5RU5+nS6c KaYH4h++zENiWilbmruMW2q+suTWreLaa4DVvI3NzPIHWyJthXF5SNCaATkSphoox47bhcGattmh xWXU0lSwhJJr5W67Gc7yrVPItzW5HPx1w3bXsdYthlflkEDFoPCoNJikUl7auqa5dHuHl+WRK6+4 pPOD1mb66UtUTpWGxLEFur6p6vZSgpwPagIIoK8jwnHb7+33e6/z9VqxVMtA3ijpsKIpA7q0NxlO P45aYpWXlp9lyLqXLhQHXWDcZF6NAkTnfNdQFBoEjw5bnLqihKwSevKIq0hShpUptonYUlUPcron YY7S5RCyudKprDEjzVo26iWpRqgfiRV19tG0cZc74E1pGTQXHCjmqIiKJrPYwt9YUUicutPrw5ZV l57b0oF3qZptjsvJ42SahYJjzdNISLZTJ9zCiQI0pX5cco5S3HEZKSDtbNA2kISaVlE4UlNEiJbf S4lKk6LGb2eTUcWauXOtwuV4i1dTMZey/C28lYrEvJFaVzESXGq+3u+Ocj+Z5gRe35kkKKNKK8oS p69MKtlhAH/KU/8A21+NH3JW9chVa16P3dTbZBVal4a7isEJZyr5yyjN1LQMSY0ZwvtFTSMQ+bNj Aho4oqriIir6itgLJbbaVKGq5j/6iT8qULVc5Bv2c67auvqC6VRpL/H7skixpxJBnsyVGNIQ1jvK jZFw08jTqtmvyuI2agpIKr1EUw4zoruPvE0y6gjQ1tOmTTOUVXlUXlPReg04XFHnXhxtl+NOhyGo 0mFKZKLLjvMi61LjkBAbLrRIoutkJkKgSKioq8+/TrMgyNKQVKSc4NdBtM3e5X4VV40bcnJMt8N6 wntnluIkb02RoWT7qA5fY7yqurQIbjZzKlEL4ZO+VGQU85g9RZ3uaEqOtbPB8eS7DS/Wr7JqKfEt ITNnAnRbOBJbbfjyY7qOsyGzFDE2zTlCFUJFQk9FThU6sgsHStJpW7RET0ROu0CjhOeeE56K7FHC fcnRRFHCJ7IifTorhFHan3J0V0CjhPuTooqvRRR0UUdFFHRRR0UUdFFHRRR0UUdFFHRRR0UUdFFQ D/2QHdWY6EbH8KGw+Aw7K9z2E1GRh2ooyocaLaWjDTiknCD8dVVpcfxlBB5+fjqPdKIbJFQ8QUQy ojsqJpwnHF857u841I3O4lIu9SVV5Vfr69YvP14NeauJUpyDXhP8/QoCd6VkHbXKZ/ezsW071Iyq s+H+0qnGri1jK80rrQvsQH3mlcbRUVwENseQ5RFTnlU66hsFQSTvUq1ZSpWUneKZhjW7PU6fkuku Fv4hid5kMrHjxzMIDJWDHnahjLhi5EhtxIcyYUcIrj00o8eI64rdjHQkQBUmrlNkkpPW/p551dfo dBSSlcdnh8PftXb0W7mVkuO0udDpQ4OC2VRSSEfLLo42P2laYxLvmoXkOsNseQg1rkZyYb4iJOC5 5SALnES6tFiCF677f/WfcYqtTgjiRlzco9gM/PWlIr9wUidpLkWok3GAjZbWXg4vLx12ZYA9Htym R47cJ9p6tbnjIU50ckipAKQ55iBHbeI2zJt+3ft3WUtnMkgj3/hSBak3BaWrXefj2/WuFxPdJaXz mISx0nYqqJx6tj5E+3khLNo5EzI7qhRYsFyC05LQZFI8+SPLFcUJCioC6Kis65wUsIQgqnKCZ93f Ty8M6+TP28u4Ht763enm4uzucV1i1V1IoaDDtPqDEcWzSNHrb77VecqbGmlWghIlA0z2yjBiOwjK CSA4q+W48LgkrDtpkRKTJBI9wB+tNN2mdQQlfaJjsjl59lcViOq37quAV2Ba2Vmm1pqxV5vitbkN FkeJOQ47FdY20EGrFintwbdabbj2EqP8X28fEQJLgn2OIKrbQ2lbauwk79iZ38fpUm3s1pURyIPP s7x3+7Sk9XermsLDL/OarDm8pvnbKsvsOwdMbtau01BxKxKTHjwKtxY3mSLKOMVJ7kuMy9Fcivg2 SNkIGLbNmhKAiY3J7ioyZ98VJ/R6UJKSqJ58gR527ae1prc2t/g9FbWuQYJmbb8ZiTEyDG3eKzII 70dh8ZkaOvKwwInyEGHCN5W0bMzUjIBj3SUpVlRzrOXASlZCZ3512/Ubo6ZzHsraUzpN3FMQCpGk tlFTtQu8e9Pl4VFRUX19FReeeOukGNK60pWeprf7H/kd3hWbd6Zm1dvKWjuc3xajlnwquU1bl1tB gj3onBdkaOwCF7kg8qqryvW4aUcgJr1VpRUgE71Hp4wmdT8/8TbbxotZRR/JXS7Rqw1Tgp55IMi9 vbc6Fl8m09FONEr7EQMuexZymnaQAXUHEyejqo4guFNsdUb00lCFsSUu1AQFRU9UTjj68evb9V4+ iL1knUZTArChrWTTUXtyzdbqwmI5FeaC4xio5+OEy40++eYv6OAFhWQ5FvPRT+DZgPDZkTJurGBA KOiFLU1RmeywRAJJkKPuBMe2Iq1Vh5eAWkRA99J5jm7e9zJyih1kbSCDIvsBsLqmdjyHprz1mlNa WTPcy1IR6NE7awSTzo4NPgbjgzUJBjrPesQhrpCoyMukR6wBPumKkpw1TeqjoD58/DnWBS7t8rsK WEUMduGWXciCcOJGg3EpHY9gxIoo32nZMNPn5VTOfvzNhWEAhFtpEdkq6aNtrt06Qd1R8/wpv9Hp z5sx8z+GvyFdLN3O6i0lJmh5LjGklpcMm18I/TuywitPLmUjFZNhZJLktj5QnCWZ6PsdgONsOyUU fiVjv2yXQlOaAUn/ALht4iOymm2UOKOpjrf9oBjnvPZ3xyrvtI9acz1GftLOxo9LanD6vDItzZHC s3pkmTYPTLZlhYkhlyTECuVmkR7vJZDzayAFHDVnvJ5u2CULUpX74T8BrSHGEpWUTsY+AP17tu/R B529bJS0qqszh4to49mTsy3ZmPLZMtUdasXHI14ERLE7P4V119JgNNPsznkQRV/4UnkKEDDVt1on kT/3R2e3bu76nJwtOaCo+72edPxKt47qJqjbayPIQ5Zkenkd7KWXMRxWlhSrhXRuI0OP8Y489HE4 sJmQQKTatuG52k55yIghOubNCB61cVaMKR2TFJ5XbxLm4xGbOiVWj/5SnlNXTBLjTQkUdJDsIlpL alS7ArFqI+KjUk2HbMgGrkhEejMONtsPxU4chxUK05+0be6mzhaEqygwInbz8jXSV+6DUAqiHn9h pjp8enpyMfoWamBNmSrdjIrbG4VhBacfbVYpQXbOxiViSG2xcQZoPGQiPCrVh7KDoddT7eZ91IVh 4OiVa/gdfl9K4Bd5WX4xpixldyGjN1dVuK1sqZUSLWUxdZPaSamRNOwrRAAjOVEc44g75jY8MsyC OQw80jbj17hjadl75Tt2xp7Jp1WEnNHf7Ip5ujuc2+o2Jy7y3Yxdu1jZDb0JP0s5uVCnjEmkw3JZ dblTAEXBFFJkZUlGXUNPNL0XqsxS3CTCTtVJiVvlVAPn4U8vwzMitdMPFWpq2jlvtYrrBozcRMgi Nqgi9b4tOguwLB1FFVMxh38iLxyidvHKqo+l7hD5Wggjatnw7cFbZSeUV9biqgNKRL6IiqvVuK0Q FfH7v2zi51p8U/cRLvnJbuLaKYrRaXYgyZErEexuYDd3ezW2y5QX3Y8ihiK4iJy20o8eiqtPiz5H V7azvEFwUoyDnSTKvPrwg+3onsnoien4enWbKoNYholIg61TpKlTXVujSa9CnJNiIOuOEq8CIqql 7cIiJ6kq+qIgoq88Jx689IrrqSHAhOs0l2vmjMzVjTeZgVrdX+nsh6dBmxrVqKaux0ZNAkCAkbXc kiE/PhqXPCBOI+CUUHqXbIW2qSJEn4JzVOtnuiVtNJLkm0+myh/WNanLJNUmW2mQz47H2Wr40EOy qJkD4KL5b4H5bUm6s5qOJ2kRzEDkCQXepiMccZClpRIKIieao1qerF4AITt+M1qg22ZDg03AWdOs kwp6uoLmIFYzkuODKYoaCFFysIwTGW5TB2MpEyhiIUpCYcdJlJDqOOuOqUpWJKfylwQUIWjxIjXu 8KZRi+dJJRr477fhWj/tFKaRV2GJQc8v5OMS6dyHASVXzJU5mYuPwKRXQApwwHIvk1bBmx8ErroO KwrysiChXXl9Fv8AeI/fOncmFRPfPso/S6v4NfHvnsn40o9ttzzKPd2+UTc/psWzqyyCZk8oq/EJ dNHIpOQQrd1lkW7EZkYVSELPxLEpuUhuq6LoF3idnf3MpYZCdGsxmfWzpjs0iaQ3iEKKinTsnsBH Z39ndXdaM6bv6Qae4Tp09kVJkkKlpY1Q1NZplgSJKtuyXXHniKQ+Zt/wgEBlSLykbdVCcJ4uK7EH y6oKCY0SP5QByA3qvu3itZXliaVpUIVUTFQNF4VF9FRfu4X1T9S+vUEN0wDVOm67R0tKooVqIryT MOSy/Fs4MO1rXmzZlRZA9zMuOQqLrLg/Vs2yMCT6iS9ONLOcV1iEajepovAMzi8k7Kcp29X1ld3h 6Haj32kdTPsnieky8ejpHsaXvcJeF8qrt66OiIgoKMIKJ8vK7NhUpCjzr0+1cztBXbU36JwnHv06 DOtPpECKr12u0dFFHRRR0UUdFFHRRR0UUdFFHRRR0UUdFFHRRR0UUdFFHRRR0UUdFFR7+KPtOyXe Zsl1g0b04sq6i1nZSBlen86UAKzFyqqmM2NYjpHyIMuyIrcdw1Re1t9xeF44XhTOhpK0yCDXyyaZ 6pVWreEs5zDqrDFbUJcuqyLH7ASbnYlfxD8mwp5zZohtyYr4m2qEidzfkuJ3I53LkL61UhzQV53i duWnINJHO3TY9W6q2WlhYpWWFnEyW2xt8ImXxpFrDGFXuTSs5dGEZHotYSN+WUonz8tXYyqC+cId KGG5k9Jyie6pbmEgthYO4mtjebj9MX6mNC/J7OMyCwKlqpkOHi82wgvFaLWtPRGpXwysTpTLWQQS dhh2uGDvYCL3OA24jCVJMnSoDOHLTJJj56T+FdH8fo5qDWaVzg08wrKsazq7l+QVrjERh1qYFbIf dkyokqKpfFomPNRTAxB1tWmBIlFhsU4ttaEq11A8/OpKUvAkAkEd/fH1mk00pyLbZkGceVjumGN0 Wp11DmVDsYMXYmsUdNBmWdC3GOS3GRmBXSEpLEvhVRGFbMgdU1NEccuSr7ukzqI8+ylrtLwJgr0/ HX4Vtsa1T2xWuFUuEYhiDEvT+4nwqqJjNfpu58JOSbFdsY8xawIyNLAdZgvSknOB2iMcyNWybRBa cafcVmmIpj7m+lZcWet2z7PrFYMLWLSzF9VMr0XodNNJKGVjdkQhX0drB+3HkhQgvRlV+MRK/wA9 5W3Jkh1kG3vMUzfeaRDIhNby7hTJW4Z0+Z7Z99SnLRwoCwSSf6bz52r3hmp+0OcV1imC47hEfDre VFdsbaBp+kTFbWQ4Ep6G89aNxRhSCNKycjEg1JEciuIKIrbaGtwrUyoK3zL8fVHmOVRzZPDrGZHf WJk+uW1/JWZGqNphEHUPN2oFkw0/aadk7cNRmqpLQ0kyXojrsOucgyweSQ5wx5MlxV+buaGKLdba Inkk+9WXz30py1uyMoVA8fM13lrrRoHS5S+7IBv8rcMbkVsCbCxB2TLrwOdAq5UOkfZZ8xwgkz66 K8zF7UQ1FFFwUVUWuwcTKR2keME1FZsLhKSFmZ/OtdRa0bccKr1ZxuuXT2hktyb6zWBgMuuhUDxS JzLxXYsRACvkuv1Fo3xIFCNyKZKY/Iri27JSkdKs9ke3aPHlTqsOcUcytT4/Lt5V0FPuM0gu7Ghp a+2yeRkVhNeghULjk/7QhG2kEjKXG8sXGWkS3rVF1RVCSSBdyChuNxywqkLslpnMNq32rOX5xjNT j2JaOVJZTuWzS0HD9L6IG+9bTJHwVGpBJ6okKCJLYSni4BpqOiGqo5wsrDrYrX1hpTmE2ZXcGR1e 2vsB2S7Y8f2Y7Utve1jFbN26pcDxOuxv49WfKW1kMtJ8RNVvuLsV94nXuxFVB8zt+nWn7q9DPKoR PHU0wZ0h1o2y+IK9Aai6btVkrRbVO5VHEDH6uxmtSqK1lmhIDcKPagcV01Fe0bbu9xFOoV+0VIMb ioGKWvStEDcUww2n4z5sPNmxIBxWzE/RQNOFVFX8OR9fxT7+ssjUSdK8/UQDBpOb7WDT/G80gacX l07Hyi0SBFJtK5x+L3STfCAxOkCPY2sg4ksWAdJENWzTlO4O/tuwtxWdOwke8Qaf+6PkZkGB51rg V3U6OvYVY6oJN1ITHIcVt9953A7RuYzWOVv2sMtWCaBxK8onEkXOfLLghECc9OpL1s6pQRGhj/t0 pwYbdEwoyPH2VkLuLxCNaZpj32FkjN9V3ZUTAuwHY0G9YZsKuKrkKyKOEd5I430SQUQVU2g8xO1f n7Zlph5LqZ/jJ9hmnBhznPzv+FXI24/S9x2FDvrO5x3za8pkyXKpJbtPWsHGnyRal2asfCtm5Gqr CQLJonKsODwSoAnXrsVwY9YKUmOcJj5T7KbTh60q05lPuJ63u0mtoWveHvYVlOe11LqpNi0NnW08 +rXE51fbx5MwoPkAEGQIOdvk3EdxFHkUbPgFQu5FVesELbbB3SVHsnXn7KGMOWogk6kfU/hXN47u Z0zt8VYtZdfmmNyvOigFE9i0g35kh+XPaBa1tGgCcHmVNkayo6eUCx31Je1AU3bmyMAtmdR7AU5j NcdsXUnTWuouNfMAq6vA8pO1ds8EyGgkZTW3cNp11JIeZVDFBmI2yUh1+U7dRG2wEUPzPlUCVEVG 1W61aHfQe+kMWq5gmCPP0rHhbg9K7G8ocRak5Yky3eaZdakYbYNR6l920frBaujJkW6+Us+E7EUZ XbybKIpoDgurxdqUN550AJ9g3Psp1dos6g/H26ezWsGLuU0+tME1R1KxxNRL+vxTHWsqnMN4zMiz LKA5Dky4kmvCSDXxjLzUJ1xp8SQVQe4kFVVBPua1AZ+0A/DTxiuCwdJASdT3+fbW8Z1xxE8qTCa1 jK4+VhPrqlYk+llUprCmXMepM4rkiOqutNTJTbZMp2gpDwvImTgSG8LcffaB1CiQfZMfIUfo+7ic 1ddgGUM6gYJp3m1bXuV9ffUNVcRIQ8GsZmZFZkNsp2CiF2o6I/KPqo/KPPCdV11JWUbwaq3sxdLU yQYp9Pg5aSW2uG9LW/eKhrK0g0xxmRoriEoWlNi+yWVKZnZHOhu96IbUVI1bWoaCrbjgyUEuWVVz TYZb5ESdzXoWC23Rta7mvqZ4VWiFOVXhU6sxVyN6+PPfLilxpB4qW6eiyJi2j49q5jeOatYhIdYV GJsmtrmqC7hx3uO032Ag0klWeFIW5BGqoJAnVHi7ZMKFZjiNlRSFgaUmC+iqiryvPK+v3+vp+H4d Z5aTOlYwEHUV5VOePXjpJSRvXFM54FYdq24/SZDFjtq9IerpjINAvBvuFHMAD15T5iIRRe1VQlRe RRCVOJ3q1wpSRdpznSo9dO9EdT9EHEXGsPt2Us8KwKodmacUUfHWooMTmluAs4Ud2VIeuWRJVbmR 0Rx2I7LBsmHgNer4Ykh1QHerf/DVky60uSojc7mfD2d3bV+voN0uSU+mDeplXr/ZZNDiVkhyM3Hr BqCeGlyFqY/deV3/AN0vinary0VVBfPDtQwV4l6tLQQUgjUD6U20GIWEkfXl+fmK7HyNx9f5lY3X 7jVJuRX1phUrAZx6sx8W6htp+u8lp2wKxBBuEkBDXz0T4hCIE+GIXXW2Q6CCPWUd+0+7zpzrtulk GZH15/l5mlL274VmF7R2sbc5iU25m31ThUTJ42UV8R4Lh2Gk4JYymGlJt1U5hG6PzAZF6EQr1VYq mLNQbOudZEHX1RVfc3KQ4Eo7T9KQ7A9IdVtL9HsAg6Y0ed6b29XghWNvRY5GhwkybJftqGz2T2jA yfljUjNJrtcb8wkaEi55QrVy5QTqRy+X41NWtpbpKzIn4QfrSuU13uGkaz6Z332BrdWaYy81nrMq ZkaPVhVUDuRWCR5M94TfEHGKz7NNIb4d/b5RR3ifV9tUhTawQY2p123Y6KAoT4+fwpStvtLkOM6F 6SY1lzGdR8rraNmBZDksn4mx+JAzQyde5XzRJeSbP6tE37eyVd6RmOXaqPEMpcJRt3Ur/UCo9CJz 6J6r0TXQknarjbbbhIkiQxCi9qm6+855bbDSCpk6Z/xQEBM1P6CKl9OnWElSwBXUJKlBKRJ7KmP8 AXFbp7ZvqTuMt4l3Ah63arZHqnRR7CKsZ5vHjGNVVDisr6ij8CliSk5VeUkISfKQom2YTlQEmvTr RsobCTuKnN6WnapFHSqKOiijooo6KKOiijooo6KKOiijooo6KKOiijooo6KKOiijooo6KKOiirEh snWSbE1BV+vCL/mXroNdSYqBnxE/Cqy/O9Qck3h7H5GH4ruVnx2vy5wm5cOJjWsbDA9rSSZACq11 20HIx7IRITThiSJsmpjHfZCxBqDe2CH05VVAHT/ub59mlvovmWP6r6Mbj6PJbbKLXTnJZR1WV08u cBxbH4doVULSnkxyMVciE9GkAYHyKg2TNBcofHUGxGX